Recent progress in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has opened the door to a better understanding of the biology of human diseases, especially rare disorders such as acquired aplastic anemia, in which the target hematopoietic tissues are depleted. The advent of somatic cell reprogramming has presented new routes for generating hematopoietic stem cells from patient-derived iPSCs and their differentiation into hematopoietic lineages. The purpose of this review is to discuss the recent advances in iPSC research technology and their potential applications in disease modeling for understanding the pathogenesis of bone marrow failure syndrome and the potential clinical utility of iPSC-derived cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exphem.2016.12.011 | DOI Listing |
Front Neurosci
December 2024
The Neuro's Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
This study aimed to evaluate different combinations of three dietary supplements for potential additive or synergistic effects in an Parkinson's Disease model. The complex and diverse processes leading to neurodegeneration in each patient with a neurodegenerative disorder cannot be effectively addressed by a single medication. Instead, various combinations of potentially neuroprotective agents targeting different disease mechanisms simultaneously may show improved additive or synergistic efficacy in slowing the disease progression and allowing the agents to be utilized at lower doses to minimize side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Methods Clin Dev
December 2024
Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency in α-l-iduronidase (IDUA), leading to impaired glycosaminoglycan degradation. Current approved treatments seek to restore IDUA levels via enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The effectiveness of these treatment strategies in preventing neurodegeneration is limited due to the inability of ERT to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and HSCT's limited CNS reconstitution of IDUA levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe activation of progenitor cells near wound sites is a common feature of regeneration across species, but the conserved signaling mechanisms responsible for this step in whole-body regeneration are still incompletely understood. The acoel undergoes whole-body regeneration using Piwi+ pluripotent adult stem cells (neoblasts) that accumulate at amputation sites early in the regeneration process. The EGFR signaling pathway has broad roles in controlling proliferation, migration, differentiation, and cell survival across metazoans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The neurodegenerative disorder Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) can be caused by a repeat expansion (GGGGCC; G4C2) in C9orf72. The function of wild-type C9orf72 and the mechanism by which the C9orf72-G4C2 mutation causes FTD, however, remain unresolved. Diverse disease models including human brain samples and differentiated neurons from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) identified some hallmarks associated with FTD, but these models have limitations, including biopsies capturing only a static snapshot of dynamic processes and differentiated neurons being labor-intensive, costly, and post-mitotic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInactivation of disease alleles by allele-specific editing is a promising approach to treat dominant-negative genetic disorders, provided the causative gene is haplo-sufficient. We previously edited a dominant missense mutation with inactivating frameshifts and rescued disease-relevant phenotypes in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons. However, a multitude of different missense mutations cause disease.
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