A three-year-old male patient was admitted to the clinic with proptosis in his right eye. He had a history of fever with an unknown etiology. In examination, right proptosis was observed and an immobile mass was palpated at the lateral wall of the right orbita. Eye movement was unrestricted in all directions and anterior and posterior segment examination was normal in both eyes. On computed tomography, diffuse bone destruction and expansion was observed in the right orbital lateral wall and other cranial bones. Langerhans cell histiocytosis was diagnosed by bone biopsy. Malignancy is an important cause of proptosis in childhood. Pediatric patients who are admitted to clinic with proptosis should be carefully examined and Langerhans cell histiocytosis should also be considered as an etiology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjo.50024 | DOI Listing |
Acta Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Aim: Somatostatin from pancreatic δ-cells is a paracrine regulator of insulin and glucagon secretion, but the release kinetics and whether secretion is altered in diabetes is unclear. This study aimed to improve understanding of somatostatin secretion by developing a tool for real-time detection of somatostatin release from individual pancreatic islets.
Methods: Reporter cells responding to somatostatin with cytoplasmic Ca concentration ([Ca]) changes were generated by co-expressing somatostatin receptor SSTR2, the G-protein Gα15 and a fluorescent Ca sensor in HeLa cells.
JID Innov
January 2025
Center for Cancer Immunology is a part of Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Adult human skin contains nearly twice as many T cells as the peripheral blood, which include tissue-resident memory T cells. However, the precise mechanisms maintaining tissue-resident memory T cells in the healthy skin remain unclear. Using normal human skin samples, we find that Langerhans cells (LCs) contact T cells in the epidermis of the elderly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) family lesions, and Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease (RDD) are now classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) under the heading of histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms. Each disease may manifest as a focal lesion, as multiple lesions, or as a widespread aggressive systemic disease with visceral organ involvement. Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare systemic disease process of adults with limited cases in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Hematol Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized genetically by diverse gene mutations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. BRAFN486_T491delinsK mutation is a rare mutation that involves the β2-αC ring domain, causing activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and is predicted to be resistant to the chemotherapy and BRAFV600E inhibitor in adult LCH cases. Here, we report a childhood LCH case with this novel BRAF mutation and had a good response to conventional chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Bi-hormonal islet endocrine cells have been proposed to represent an intermediate state of cellular transdifferentiation, enabling an increase in beta-cell mass in response to severe metabolic stress. Beta-cell plasticity and regenerative capacity are thought to decrease with age. We investigated the ontogeny of bi-hormonal islet endocrine cell populations throughout the human lifespan.
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