Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Published: January 2017
Directed modulation of the colonic bacteria to metabolize lactose effectively is a potentially useful approach to improve lactose digestion and tolerance. A randomized, double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled trial conducted in human subjects demonstrated that administration of a highly purified (>95%) short-chain galactooligosaccharide (GOS), designated "RP-G28," significantly improved clinical outcomes for lactose digestion and tolerance. In these individuals, stool samples were collected pretreatment (day 0), after GOS treatment (day 36), and 30 d after GOS feeding stopped and consumption of dairy products was encouraged (day 66). In this study, changes in the fecal microbiome were investigated using 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR. At day 36, bifidobacterial populations were increased in 27 of 30 of GOS subjects (90%), demonstrating a bifidogenic response in vivo. Relative abundance of lactose-fermenting Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus were significantly increased in response to GOS. When dairy was introduced into the diet, lactose-fermenting Roseburia species increased from day 36 to day 66. The results indicated a definitive change in the fecal microbiome of lactose-intolerant individuals, increasing the abundance of lactose-metabolizing bacteria that were responsive to dietary adaptation to GOS. This change correlated with clinical outcomes of improved lactose tolerance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606722113 | DOI Listing |
Nat Prod Res
March 2024
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Nutrients
June 2023
Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
Certain nutrients cause discomfort, sensitivity reaction, and an intolerance for certain foods or their ingredients when ingested by some consumers. Food reactions and gut inflammation-related problems are increasing worldwide. The primary form of management would be the avoidance of such foods, followed by treatment of their symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
August 2023
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy. Electronic address:
Many healthy people suffer from milk-related gastrointestinal discomfort (GID) despite not being lactose intolerant; the mechanisms underpinning such condition are unknown. This study aimed to explore milk protein digestion and related physiological responses (primary outcome), gut microbiome and gut permeability in 19 lactose-tolerant healthy nonhabitual milk consumers [NHMCs] reporting GID after consuming cow milk compared to 20 habitual milk consumers [HMCs] without GID. NHMCs and HMCs participated in a milk-load (250 mL) test, underwent blood sample collection at 6 time points over 6 h after milk consumption and collected urine samples and GID self-reports over 24 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Nutr
December 2022
Center for Health Sciences, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.
Objective: To investigate, through a systematic review, the efficiency of the clinical application of probiotic and prebiotic supplements in reducing the symptoms of lactose intolerance (LI).
Methods: This systematic review was conducted without limits for publication time and followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The study was registered at the PROSPERO platform (CRD42022295691).
mBio
June 2022
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicinegrid.471392.a, Stanford, California, USA.
An outstanding question regarding the human gut microbiota is whether and how microbiota-directed interventions influence host phenotypic traits. Here, we employed a dietary intervention to probe this question in the context of lactose intolerance. To assess the effects of dietary dairy product elimination and (re)introduction on the microbiota and host phenotype, we studied 12 self-reported mildly lactose-intolerant adults with triweekly collection of fecal samples over a 12-week study period: 2 weeks of baseline diet, 4 weeks of dairy product elimination, and 6 weeks of gradual whole cow milk (re)introduction.
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