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Clinical and immunological outcomes after randomized trial of baked milk oral immunotherapy for milk allergy.
JCI Insight
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
BACKGROUNDCow's milk (CM) allergy is the most common food allergy in young children. Treatment with oral immunotherapy (OIT) has shown efficacy, but high rates of adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to determine whether baked milk OIT (BMOIT) could reduce adverse reactions while still inducing desensitization, and to identify immunological correlates of successful BMOIT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-wide association neural networks identify genes linked to family history of Alzheimer's disease.
Brief Bioinform
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Augmenting traditional genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with advanced machine learning algorithms can allow the detection of novel signals in available cohorts. We introduce "genome-wide association neural networks (GWANN)" a novel approach that uses neural networks (NNs) to perform a gene-level association study with family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In UK Biobank, we defined cases (n = 42 110) as those with AD or family history of AD and sampled an equal number of controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoporosis in Older Men: Informing Patient Management and Improving Health-Related Outcomes.
Drugs Aging
January 2025
Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia Medical School, Perugia, Italy.
Osteoporosis has been usually considered a female disease, generally causing more fracture risk and complications in adult and older women compared to older men. While vertebral fractures occur in a small proportion of men during middle age, men generally fracture about 10 years later than women, with significant increases in fracture risk after about age 75. Independent of age, men experiencing fragility fractures have a higher risk of life-threatening events compared to women, but the risk of secondary fragility fracture overlaps between men and women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping 3D bioprinting for organs-on-chips.
Lab Chip
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
Organs-on-chips (OoCs) have significantly advanced biomedical research by precisely reconstructing human microphysiological systems with biomimetic functions. However, achieving greater structural complexity of cell cultures on-chip for enhanced biological mimicry remains a challenge. To overcome these challenges, 3D bioprinting techniques can be used in directly building complex 3D cultures on chips, facilitating the engineering of organ-level models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildhood-Onset ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: From Genetic Studies to Advances in Pathogenesis, Classification and Novel Therapeutic Approaches.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 2PG, UK.
Childhood-onset antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) represents a heterogeneous group of multi-system autoimmune conditions associated with chronic inflammation, characteristically affecting small blood vessels, leading to various organ and system manifestations. Although rare in paediatric populations, AAV poses challenges in early recognition, diagnosis and management of refractory cases. This review highlights the characteristics of clinical presentation and outcomes of AAV in children, as well as its current classification and progress achieved in understanding the disease pathogenesis, with a focus on adult and paediatric genetic studies.
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