Two patients presented with a large tumoral nasopharyngeal lesion with obstructive symptoms, which suggested a malignant tumor. They were black men of Caribbean origin who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1. In both cases, histologic examination revealed intense but benign lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, and immunohistochemical studies were consistent with its polyclonal nature. DNA studies performed on tumoral tissue failed to disclose immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor gene rearrangements. In one biopsy specimen, DNA hybridization using Epstein-Barr virus-specific probes showed no evidence of Epstein-Barr virus-DNA sequences. The nasopharynx can be involved in the diffuse extranodal lymphoid hyperplasia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
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