A mouse model of traumatic stress provided insight into a mechanism of individual differences in conditioned fear responding. Hippocampal serotonergic activity (metabolic turnover) was associated with increased behavioral freezing during fear acquisition in a portion of trauma-exposed subjects. These subjects later displayed enhanced fear to the neutral cue during retention. An inability to discriminate fear responses may underlie dysfunctional fear memories in a sub-population of individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, with contributions from the hippocampal serotonin system.
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