Type III Secretion Systems (T3SSs) are structurally conserved nanomachines that span the inner and outer bacterial membranes, and via a protruding needle complex contact host cell membranes and deliver type III effector proteins. T3SS are phylogenetically divided into several families based on structural basal body components. Here we have studied the evolutionary and functional conservation of four T3SS proteins from the Inv/Mxi-Spa family: a cytosolic chaperone, two hydrophobic translocators that form a plasma membrane-integral pore, and the hydrophilic 'tip complex' translocator that connects the T3SS needle to the translocon pore. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a common cause of food-borne gastroenteritis, possesses two T3SSs, one belonging to the Inv/Mxi-Spa family. We used invasion-deficient S. Typhimurium mutants as surrogates for expression of translocator orthologs identified from an extensive phylogenetic analysis, and type III effector translocation and host cell invasion as a readout for complementation efficiency, and identified several Inv/Mxi-Spa orthologs that can functionally substitute for the S. Typhimurium chaperone and translocator proteins. Functional complementation correlates with amino acid sequence identity between orthologs, but varies considerably between the four proteins. This is the first in-depth survey of the functional interchangeability of Inv/Mxi-Spa T3SS proteins acting directly at the host-pathogen interface.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13602 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Exploring the Role of Ccn3 in Type III Cell of Mice Taste Buds.
J Neurochem
January 2025
Department of Oral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
Different taste cells express unique cell-type markers, enabling researchers to distinguish them and study their functional differentiation. Using single-cell RNA-Seq of taste cells in mouse fungiform papillae, we found that Cellular Communication Network Factor 3 (Ccn3) was highly expressed in Type III taste cells but not in Type II taste cells. Ccn3 is a protein-coding gene involved in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedium-sized rotator cuff tears repaired with transosseous-equivalent technique plus bone marrow stimulation yielded similar short-term outcomes regardless of whether complete or incomplete footprint coverage was achieved.
Arthroscopy
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:
Purpose: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and re-tear rates of medium-sized rotator cuff tears repaired with incomplete footprint coverage using the transosseous-equivalent technique versus those with complete footprint coverage plus bone marrow stimulation.
Methods: The retrospective study, conducted from March 2019 to December 2021, included consecutive patients with medium-sized (1-3cm) posterosuperior rotator cuff tears repaired using the transosseous-equivalent technique and bone marrow stimulation, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of footprint coverage achieved: Group C (complete coverage) and Group I (incomplete coverage).
[New management models or traditional hospital management? Transition of a hospital-foundation in a Euroregion].
An Sist Sanit Navar
December 2024
Universidad de Vigo. Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Turismo. Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketing. Vigo. España .
Background: This study aims to assess the impact of transitioning a hospital/foundation from indirect management to direct management on the efficiency of hospital resource management.
Methodology: Until 2010, the Virxe da Xunqueira hospital/foundation, located in the Galicia-North Portugal Euroregion, operated under indirect management. In 2010, it transitioned to direct management as a health centre within the Galician Health Service (Spain).
Chronic pelvic insufficiency fractures and their treatment.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- Fragility and insufficiency fractures of the pelvis and sacrum are on the rise among the elderly due to weakened bones, leading to persistent pain, reduced mobility, and a risk of loss of independence.
- While conservative treatments are an option, surgery is often preferred for unstable fractures, especially since many patients do not receive adequate preventative care for osteoporosis-related fractures.
- Diagnostic imaging is crucial for identifying these fractures, with CT scans being the gold standard, but MRI offers the highest sensitivity for detecting complex fractures, guiding treatment based on fracture type and stability.
Melatonin Reduces Mito-Inflammation in Ischaemic Hippocampal HT22 Cells and Modulates the cGAS-STING Cytosolic DNA Sensing Pathway and FGF21 Release.
J Cell Mol Med
December 2024
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key event in many pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative processes. When mitochondria are damaged, they release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate mito-inflammation. The present study assessed mito-inflammation after in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation as a representation of ischaemia, followed by reoxygenation (OGD/R) of HT22 cells and modulation of the inflammatory response by melatonin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!