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The Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Vitamin D for Improving Human Health.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
November 2024
Department of Family Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey.
Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are present in almost all cells of the immune system, including B cells, T cells, NK (Natural Killer) cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes, as well as the epithelial cells of many organs such as the intestine, pancreas, prostate, lungs, and cardiomyocytes. In addition, some immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and B and T cells, can synthesize calcitriol by expressing 1α-hydroxylase. Upon binding to VDRs, vitamin D (Vit D) regulates the expression of genes involved in immune responses, including those encoding for cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting caspase-8: a new strategy for combating hepatocellular carcinoma.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer and has a high mortality rate. Caspase-8 plays a pivotal role in an array of cellular signaling pathways and is essential for the governance of programmed cell death mechanisms, inflammatory responses, and the dynamics of the tumor microenvironment. Dysregulation of caspase-8 is intricately linked to the complex biological underpinnings of HCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibitory KIRs decrease HLA class II-mediated protection in Type 1 Diabetes.
PLoS Genet
December 2024
Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (iKIRs) are a family of inhibitory receptors that are expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and late-stage differentiated T cells. There is accumulating evidence that iKIRs regulate T cell-mediated immunity. Recently, we reported that T cell-mediated control was enhanced by iKIRs in chronic viral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the molecular mechanism of estrogen therapy effectiveness after TCRA in IUA patients at single-cell level.
Biol Direct
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
Background: Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a common cause of clinically refractory infertility, and there exists significant heterogeneity in the treatment outcomes among IUA patients with the similar severity after transcervical resection of adhesion(TCRA). The underlying mechanism of different treatment outcomes occur remains elusive, and the precise contribution of various cell subtypes in this process remains uncertain.
Results: Here, we performed single-cell transcriptome sequencing on 10 human endometrial samples to establish a single-cell atlas differences between patients who responded to estrogen therapy and those who did not.
Intraepithelial ILC1-Like NK Cells Increase Lymphocyte Infiltration into the Tumor Microenvironment via the CXCL10 Axis.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Intraepithelial type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ieILC1s) are tissue-resident lymphocytes in the microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we evaluate how these cells influence T-cell trafficking to tumors. We generated cytotoxic ieILC1-like cells from natural killer (NK) cells in vitro.
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