We study the effect of multiplicative noise in dynamical flows arising from the coupling of stochastic processes with intrinsic noise. Situations wherein such systems arise naturally are in chemical or biological oscillators that are coupled to each other in a drive-response configuration. Above a coupling threshold we find that there is a strong correlation between the drive and the response: This is a stochastic analog of the phenomenon of generalised synchronization. Since the dynamical fluctuations are large when there is intrinsic noise, it is necessary to employ measures that are sensitive to correlations between the variables of drive and the response, the permutation entropy, or the mutual information in order to detect the transition to generalized synchrony in such systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.052216 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
This study investigates how interpersonal (speaker-partner) synchrony contributes to empathetic response generation in communication scenarios. To perform this investigation, we propose a model that incorporates multimodal directional (positive and negative) interpersonal synchrony, operationalized using the cosine similarity measure, into empathetic response generation. We evaluate how incorporating specific synchrony affects the generated responses at the language and empathy levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiovasc Dev Dis
December 2024
Niculae Stancioiu Heart Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Background: Papillary muscles are structures integrated into the mitral valve apparatus, having both electrical and mechanical roles. The importance of the papillary muscles (PM) is mainly related to cardiac arrhythmias and mitral regurgitation. The aim of this review is to offer an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the papillary muscles, along with their involvement in cardiovascular pathologies, including arrhythmia development in various conditions and their contribution to secondary mitral regurgitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
The multiplication rates of pathogenic organisms influence disease progression, efficacy of immunity and therapeutics, and potential for within-host evolution. Thus, accurate estimates of multiplication rates are essential for biological understanding. We recently showed that common methods for inferring multiplication rates from malaria infection data substantially overestimate true values (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Psychiatr Res
January 2025
Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208, Sabadell, Spain.
Individuals with Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) often exhibit behavioral difficulties characterized by deficient impulse regulation and obsessive-compulsive features resembling those observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder. The genetic configuration of PWS aligns with molecular and neurophysiological findings suggesting dysfunction in the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may contribute to its clinical manifestation. In the cerebral cortex, this dysfunction is expressed as desynchronization of local neural activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Resting-state functional connectivity analyses have been used to examine synchrony in neural networks in substance use disorders (SUDs), with the default mode network (DMN) one of the most studied. Prior research has generally found less DMN synchrony during use and greater synchrony during cessation, although little research has utilized this method with opioid use. This study examined resting brain activity in treatment-seeking persons who use opioids at two points-when using opioids and when opioid-free-to determine whether the DMN exhibits different levels of connectivity during opioid use and cessation and whether differences in connectivity predict subsequent relapse.
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