We proposed an approach for creating three-dimensional (3D) multifocal perfect vortices arrays by using a high numerical aperture objective. The position, orbital angular momentum states, number and diameter of the perfect vortices can be freely modulated by a special designed hybrid phase plate (HPP). HPP could be calculated by 3D phase shifting expression which is derived from Fourier transform theory of the Debye diffraction integral. Furthermore, we developed a novel pixel checkerboard method for adding phase information into the HPP. The segmentation of HPP is related to vortex quality and intensity uniformity. This method could fully use each pixel to modulate the light, since the spatial light modulator has to be used. Small size lattices could generate high quality and uniform intensity vortex arrays in tight focusing region, which may have potential applications in coupling, optical coding and decoding.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.028270 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
Optical resolution photoacoustic imaging of uneven samples without z-scanning is transformative for the fast analysis and diagnosis of diseases. However, current approaches to elongate the depth of field (DOF) typically imply cumbersome postprocessing procedures, bulky optical element ensembles, or substantial excitation beam side lobes. Metasurface technology allows for the phase modulation of light and the miniaturization of imaging systems to wavelength-size thickness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultifocal metalenses are effective elements for longitudinal light field modulation and have important applications in long-focal depth imaging and three-dimensional display. However, the forward design method is subject to destructive interference generated by phase discontinuity, and cannot achieve high-efficiency, tunable multifocal metalenses. Therefore, we propose an efficient and tunable inverse design framework based on the adjoint method and gradient strategy, transforming light field modulation into mathematical optimization of nonlinear constraints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurophotonics
September 2024
NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Tech4Health Institute and Departments of Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, New York, New York, United States.
Cureus
August 2024
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ.
Through this editorial, we have attempted to provide an update on the changing scenario for breast cancer surgery in Iraq by describing giant steps toward the adoption of new treatments. One factor to consider is the general trend towards neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in regions such as Kurdistan, which indicates a preference for these minimally invasive approaches. Additionally, new perspectives on multifocal breast cancer in Baghdad demonstrate that BCS can be effective, with local recurrence rates comparable to mastectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
May 2024
Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) are the most common precursors of pancreatic cancer, but their small size and inaccessibility in humans make them challenging to study. Critically, the number, dimensions and connectivity of human PanINs remain largely unknown, precluding important insights into early cancer development. Here, we provide a microanatomical survey of human PanINs by analysing 46 large samples of grossly normal human pancreas with a machine-learning pipeline for quantitative 3D histological reconstruction at single-cell resolution.
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