A 2-year-old dog had bilateral chorioretinitis and a cough. Systemic cryptococcosis was diagnosed by evaluating a trans-tracheal aspirate and a cryptococcal latex-particle agglutination antigen titer. Clinical remission was achieved with ketoconazole administration, an imidazole antifungal agent. Serial antigen titers were used to monitor treatment, which was continued for 12 months. Ketoconazole therapy was well tolerated by the dog.
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Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
July 2024
Department of Endocrinology &Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041.
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Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576107, India.
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Service de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.
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Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are resistant to most cancer therapeutics and contribute to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Two breast CSC-promoting transcription factors, truncated glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (tGLI1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), have been reported to be frequently co-expressed in HER2-enriched breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), undergo protein-protein interactions for gene regulation and activation, and functionally cooperate to promote breast CSCs. STAT3 can be activated by activated interleukin-6 receptor/glycoprotein-130 (IL-6R/GP130).
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India. Electronic address:
Poloxamer 407 is a versatile excipient that enhances drug solubilization and prolongs drug release. Poloxamers are non-ionic tri-block copolymers composed of a central hydrophobic chain of polyoxypropylene flanked by two hydrophilic chains of polyoxyethylene. Various researchers have utilized Poloxamer 407 in topical and transdermal drug delivery systems, and it has also been reported to enhance skin permeability.
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