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Insulin resistance of protein anabolism accompanies that of glucose metabolism in lean, glucose-tolerant offspring of persons with type 2 diabetes. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to investigate if protein anabolic resistance occurs early in individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • It involved a 3-hour clamp test comparing T2D offspring and control participants, measuring glucose and protein metabolism.
  • Results indicated that T2D offspring had lower protein synthesis despite normal glucose metabolism, suggesting a potential early defect in protein anabolism associated with an increased risk of developing T2D.

Article Abstract

Objective: To test whether protein anabolic resistance is an early defect in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research Design And Methods: Seven lean, normoglycemic T2D offspring (T2D-O) and eight matched participants without family history (controls; C) underwent a 3-hour hyperinsulinemic (40 mU/m/min), euglycemic (5.5 mmol/L) and isoaminoacidemic clamp. Whole-body glucose and protein kinetics were measured with d-[3-H]glucose and l-[l-C]leucine, respectively. Plasma amino acids were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results: Fasting glycemia and glucose kinetic variables did not differ between groups. Clamp decreases in glucose rate of appearance were not different, but rate of disappearance increased 29% less in T2D-O, to a significantly lower rate. Fasting leucine was higher in T2D-O, but kinetics did not differ. Clamp increases in leucine oxidation and decreases in endogenous rate of appearance (protein breakdown) were equal, but in T2D-O, non-oxidative rate of disappearance (protein synthesis) did not increase and net balance (synthesis-breakdown) did not become positive as in C.

Conclusions: Resistance of whole-body protein anabolism (synthesis and net balance) accompanies resistance of glucose uptake in T2D-O. Mechanisms responsible, possible roles in the increased risk of developing diabetes, and its potential impact on long-term protein balance require definition.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5129107PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000312DOI Listing

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