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Patterns of Maternal Single and Polysubstance Use in the US: A Latent Class Analysis.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
Objective: Substance use patterns vary considerably in the general population, yet little is known about patterns before and during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to describe single substance and polysubstance use (PSU) before and during pregnancy among recent births in the United States (US) and compare exposure patterns.
Methods: We used data from the Pregnancy and Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postpartum survey for 2016-2018 to estimate the prevalence and identify patterns of substance use by participants one to three months before and during pregnancy.
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the importance of forecasting future health issues in the USA for effective planning and public awareness regarding disease and injury burdens.
- It describes the methodology for predicting life expectancy, cause-specific mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 2022 to 2050 using the Global Burden of Diseases framework.
- The forecasting includes various scenarios to assess the potential impacts of health risks and improvements across the country, focusing on demographic trends and health-related risk factors.
Melatonin Protects Against Cocaine-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment by Regulating miR-320a-Dependent GLUT1 Expression.
J Pineal Res
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Cell Biology and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Article Synopsis
- - Cocaine abuse disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by decreasing the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in brain cells, which leads to cognitive issues and increased BBB leakage.
- - The study reveals that cocaine elevates the level of miR-320a, which then reduces GLUT1 expression through the activation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2).
- - Melatonin can help counteract cocaine-induced BBB disruption and cognitive impairment by boosting GLUT1 expression through a specific signaling pathway, suggesting it could be a potential treatment for cocaine-related problems.
Prevalence and co-occurrence of symptoms of mental and substance use disorders among people with HIV age 40 and older in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study.
J Int AIDS Soc
October 2024
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Article Synopsis
- More people living with HIV (PWH) are getting older because of better treatments, but mental health and substance use problems are common among them.
- A study looked at over 2800 older PWH from various countries to check how many have issues like unhealthy drinking, drug use, depression, anxiety, or PTSD.
- Results showed that 11% of those studied had symptoms of multiple mental health issues, with unhealthy alcohol use affecting 21% and depression affecting 14%.
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