Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Objective: Examination of distraction-based treatment effect on thoracic dimensions in patients compared to predicted individual normal values, at initial treatment and subsequent follow-up after lengthenings.
Summary Of Background Data: Change in thoracic dimensions and spine length is an important outcome measure in treatment of children with early-onset scoliosis; however, it is difficult to use to make comparisons between patients and the normal population because of the heterogeneous nature of early-onset scoliosis.
Methods: Early-onset scoliosis patients treated with distraction-based therapy who had radiographic parameters (pelvic inlet width, chest width, and thoracic height) preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at a minimum 5-year follow-up were included. Individual thoracic measurements were compared with predicted normal measures based on pelvic inlet width, and expressed as a percentile of predicted measure.
Results: Comparisons were made in 41 patients; mean age at time of primary surgery was 4.5 years, and median follow-up was 6.5 years. Thoracic height percentile increased from a mean preoperative value of .78 to a postoperative percentile of .88 (p < .001); at long-term follow-up, it was .85. Absolute thoracic height increased at all 3 time points: 141.6, 159.79, and 203.45 mm, respectively Mean chest width was similar preoperatively (170 mm) and immediately postoperatively (166.5 mm) but increased at latest follow-up (206.9 mm). Chest width percentile was similar at all 3 times (.93, .90, and .91).
Conclusions: Distraction-based treatment increases absolute thoracic height over time. There is significant improvement in the thoracic height percentile normalized after initial surgery, which was maintained over time. Measuring expected gains as a percentile normalized for pelvic width may be a more relevant outcome measure compared with measuring only absolute values.
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