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In Vitro Cell Model Investigation of Alpha-Synuclein Aggregate Morphology Using Spectroscopic Imaging.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gløshaugen, Realfagbygget, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Recently, it has been hypothesized that alpha-synuclein protein strain morphology may be associated with clinical subtypes of alpha-synucleinopathies, like Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. However, direct evidence is lacking due to the caveat of conformation-specific characterization of protein strain morphology. Here we present a new cell model based in vitro method to explore various alpha-synuclein (αsyn) aggregate morphotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-molecular-weight oligomer tau (HMWoTau) species are dramatically increased in Braak-stage dependent manner in the frontal lobe of human brains, demonstrated by a novel oligomer Tau ELISA with a mouse monoclonal antibody (APNmAb005).
FASEB J
November 2024
Department of Preclinical Research Division, APRINOIA Therapeutics Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - The study developed a highly sensitive ELISA test using a new mouse monoclonal antibody (APNmAb005) to measure high-molecular-weight oligomer tau (HMWoTau), which could reveal important information about Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
- - The researchers confirmed that the assay could specifically detect HMWoTau in brain samples from AD patients, with significant increases observed in later stages of the disease compared to the early stages.
- - This innovative test not only enhances understanding of AD’s progression but also holds promise for improving diagnostic methods for Alzheimer's and related tauopathies.
Identification and detection of conserved G-quadruplex in monkeypox virus using conformation specific fluorogenic probe.
Chem Commun (Camb)
November 2024
Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, P.O., Bengaluru, 560064 Karnataka, India.
Identifying distinct noncanonical structures in pathogenic genomes is crucial for developing new diagnostic tools. This study uncovers stable G-quadruplex (GQ) structures in conserved DNA sequences unique to the monkeypox virus (MPV). Furthermore, we developed a method for the detection of target GQ using a fluorogenic probe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIL-13 and IL-17A activate β1 integrin through an NF-kB/Rho kinase/PIP5K1γ pathway to enhance force transmission in airway smooth muscle.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.
Integrin activation resulting in enhanced adhesion to the extracellular matrix plays a key role in fundamental cellular processes. Although integrin activation has been extensively studied in circulating cells such as leukocytes and platelets, much less is known about the regulation and functional impact of integrin activation in adherent cells such as smooth muscle. Here, we show that two different asthmagenic cytokines, IL-13 and IL-17A, activate type I and IL-17 cytokine receptor families, respectively, to enhance adhesion of airway smooth muscle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEFhd2 co-aggregates with monomeric and filamentous tau .
Front Neurosci
May 2024
Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.
Tauopathies are characterized by the abnormal buildup of tau protein, with early oligomeric forms associated with neurodegeneration and the later neurofibrillary tangles possibly conferring neuroprotection. The molecular mechanisms governing the formation of these tau species are unclear. Lately, there has been an increased focus on examining the interactions between tau and other proteins, along with their influence on the aggregation of tau.
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