The tris(pentafluoroethyl)silanide anion is accessible by the deprotonation of Si(C F ) H at low temperatures. Subsequent quenching of the resulting salt-like compounds with suitable electrophiles, such as transition-metal complexes or Group 14 element halides, leads to a plethora of novel tris(pentafluoroethyl)silane derivatives. This underlines the versatility of Li[Si(C F ) ] as a powerful nucleophilic transfer reagent.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201609575 | DOI Listing |
Acc Chem Res
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
ConspectusThe manipulation of strained rings is a powerful strategy for accessing the valuable chemical frameworks present in natural products and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Aziridines, the smallest N-containing heterocycles, have long served as building blocks for constructing more complex amine-containing scaffolds. Traditionally, the reactivity of typical aziridines has been focused on ring-opening by nucleophiles or the formation of 1,3-dipoles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
January 2025
Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.
The introduction of fluorine into organic molecules is of the utmost importance in the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). While a wide range of fluorine sources for organic synthesis have been used over the past decades, the associated safety risks, cost, or environmental impact are still serious limitations. Hexafluorosilicate salts are one of the most inexpensive and readily available sources of nucleophilic fluorine, but they have so far not been used in organic synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
Institute of Photochemistry and Photofunctional Materials, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has been regarded as a green and promising alternative to the traditional Haber-Bosch process. However, the high bond energy (940.95 kJ mol) of the NN triple bond hinders the adsorption and activation of N molecules, which is a critical factor restricting the catalytic performance of catalysts and their large-scale applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitutions (SAr) are amongst the most widely used processes in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, allowing convergent assembly of complex molecules through C-C and C-X (X = O, N, S) bond formation. SAr reactions are typically carried out using forcing conditions, involving polar aprotic solvents, stoichiometric bases and elevated temperatures, which do not allow for control over reaction selectivity. Despite the importance of SAr chemistry, there are only a handful of selective catalytic methods reported that rely on small organic hydrogen-bonding or phase-transfer catalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemphyschem
January 2025
University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, BELGIUM.
The [4+2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction between 2,5-DMF (1) and ethylene derivatives (2a-h) activated by electron-withdrawing groups has been studied at the density functional theory levels using a panoply of tools to unravel the reaction mechanisms. From the analysis of the reactivity indices, 2a-h behave as electrophiles while 1 as nucleophile, and the activation of the double bond of ethylene increases its electrophilicity, which is accompanied by an enhancement of the polarity of the reaction. The activation Gibbs free energy decreases linearly as a function of this increase of polarity, as estimated by the electrophilicity difference between the reactants.
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