After 30-min or longer incubation of rabbit blood under 42 degrees C the blood O2 affinity was increased. During governed hyperthermia of conscious rabbits PO2, pH and the oxygen content in the mixed venous blood were decreased. Similar events were observed after 1 hour from the ceasing of hyperthermia. In the real blood circulation the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin was decreased because of the higher temperature. But after the recalculation of P50 to the standard conditions (t = 37 degrees C, pH 7.4, PCO2 = 40 Torr) it's value was below the initial one by 4.0 +/- 0.68 Torr. The mechanism of the increase of the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin is discussed.

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