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Challenges in estimating the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from a registration cohort: The PrEPVacc trial.
Clin Trials
December 2024
Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.
Background: There is increasing recognition that the interpretation of active-controlled HIV prevention trials should consider the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate, that is, the rate that would have been observed if the trial had included a placebo control arm. The PrEPVacc HIV vaccine and pre-exposure prophylaxis trial (NCT04066881) incorporated a pre-trial registration cohort partly for this purpose. In this article, we describe our attempts to model the counterfactual placebo HIV incidence rate from the registration cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic acid joining enzymes: biological functions and synthetic applications beyond DNA.
Biochem J
January 2025
School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Waikato, 3216, New Zealand.
DNA-joining by ligase and polymerase enzymes has provided the foundational tools for generating recombinant DNA and enabled the assembly of gene and genome-sized synthetic products. Xenobiotic nucleic acid (XNA) analogues of DNA and RNA with alternatives to the canonical bases, so-called 'unnatural' nucleobase pairs (UBP-XNAs), represent the next frontier of nucleic acid technologies, with applications as novel therapeutics and in engineering semi-synthetic biological organisms. To realise the full potential of UBP-XNAs, researchers require a suite of compatible enzymes for processing nucleic acids on a par with those already available for manipulating canonical DNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWellness and Wellbeing: Podcast Series on Training and Education, Episode 8.
AJR Am J Roentgenol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
A relational approach to co-create Advance Care Planning with and for people living with dementia: a narrative study.
BMC Palliat Care
January 2025
School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Background: Discussing Advance Care Planning (ACP) with people living with dementia (PwD) is challenging due to topic sensitivity, fluctuating mental capacity and symptom of forgetfulness. Given communication difficulties, the preferences and expectations expressed in any ACP may reflect family and healthcare professional perspectives rather than the PwD. Starting discussions early in the disease trajectory may avoid this, but many PwD may not be ready at this point for such discussions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: In response to the need to support health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, an innovative, peer-led discussion group program for medical school faculty, called CIRCLE (Colleague Involved in Reaching Colleagues through Listening and Empathy), was developed at Rutgers Health. This article describes results of a qualitative analysis of the participants' experiences, explores virtual communication platform use during this peer support program, and identifies the program's beneficial elements.
Method: CIRCLE was inaugurated in October 2020 at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School using evidence-informed topics.
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