Objective: to describe the occurrence of the recording of mental disorders (MD) in primary health care (PHC) services in Brazilian municipalities and to analyze associated factors.
Methods: an ecological study was conducted using PHC Information System secondary data for the year 2014; the magnitude of the occurrence of MD recording was assessed through indicators developed for this purpose; bivariate analysis was used.
Results: 15,216 MD cases were recorded in 42 (0.8%) municipalities, corresponding to 16.9 MD cases/100,000 inhabitants for Brazil, with significant variations between the country's macro-regions; MD recording in PHC was most frequent in the Southeast and Southern macro-regions (p=0.001), in state capital cities (p<0.001), in municipalities with more than 200,000 inhabitants (p<0.001), those with PHC coverage greater than 75% (p=0.005) and those with Psychosocial Care Centers (p=0.001).
Conclusion: recording of MD in PHC is incipient, unequally distributed and possibly dependent on local initiatives.
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