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A cycle of Zap70 kinase activation and release from the TCR amplifies and disperses antigenic stimuli. | LitMetric

A cycle of Zap70 kinase activation and release from the TCR amplifies and disperses antigenic stimuli.

Nat Immunol

Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis &Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA.

Published: January 2017

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Cell-surface-receptor pathways amplify weak, rare and local stimuli to induce cellular responses. This task is accomplished despite signaling components that segregate into nanometer-scale membrane domains. Here we describe a 'catch-and-release' mechanism that amplified and dispersed stimuli by releasing activated kinases from receptors lacking intrinsic catalytic activity. Specifically, we discovered a cycle of recruitment, activation and release for Zap70 kinases at phosphorylated T cell antigen receptors (TCRs). This turned the TCR into a 'catalytic unit' that amplified antigenic stimuli. Zap70 released from the TCR remained at the membrane, translocated, and phosphorylated spatially distinct substrates. The mechanisms described here are based on widely used protein domains and post-translational modifications; therefore, many membrane-associated pathways might employ similar mechanisms for signal amplification and dispersion.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5490839PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.3631DOI Listing

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