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| http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/sci.2016.09.15 | DOI Listing |
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Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) progression is associated with an increase in PROX1+ tumor cells, which exhibit features of CRC stem cells and contribute to metastasis. Here, we aimed to provide a better understanding to the function of PROX1+ cells in CRC, investigating their progeny and their role in therapy resistance. PROX1+ cells in intestinal adenomas of ApcMin/+ mice expressed intestinal epithelial and CRC stem cell markers, and cells with high PROX1 expression could both self-renew tumor stem/progenitor cells and contribute to differentiated tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNetwork-Based Bioinformatics Highlights Broad Importance of Human Milk Hyaluronan.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
Human milk (HM) is rich in bioactive factors promoting postnatal small intestinal development and maturation of the microbiome. HM is also protective against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating inflammatory condition predominantly affecting preterm infants. The HM glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronan (HA), is present at high levels in colostrum and early milk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations in cellular metabolic pathway and epithelial cell maturation induced by MYO5B defects are partially reversible by LPAR5 activation.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
December 2024
Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
Functional loss of the motor protein myosin Vb (MYO5B) induces various defects in intestinal epithelial function and causes a congenital diarrheal disorder, namely, microvillus inclusion disease (MVID). Utilizing the MVID model mice (MYO5BΔIEC) and [MYO5B(G519R)], we previously reported that functional MYO5B loss disrupts progenitor cell differentiation and enterocyte maturation that result in villus blunting and deadly malabsorption symptoms. In this study, we determined that both absence and a point mutation of MYO5B impair lipid metabolism and alter mitochondrial structure, which may underlie the progenitor cell malfunction observed in the MVID intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Functional loss of the motor protein MYO5B leads to serious intestinal issues, including microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), characterized by progenitor cell dysfunction and malabsorption symptoms.
- - Research using MVID model mice showed that both the absence and mutation of MYO5B disrupt lipid metabolism and mitochondrial structure, resulting in reduced fatty acid oxidation and altered energy metabolism.
- - Treatment with Compound-1, which targets LPAR5, was found to improve intestinal function and weight loss in mice with MYO5B mutations, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for treating MVID.
Control of Intestinal Stemness and Cell Lineage by Histone Variant H2A.Z Isoforms.
Mol Cell Biol
October 2024
Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Unit, Centre de Biologie Integrative, University of Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
The histone variant H2A.Z plays important functions in the regulation of gene expression. In mammals, it is encoded by two genes, giving rise to two highly related isoforms named H2A.
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