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Type XVII Collagen-Specific CD4 T Cells Induce Bullous Pemphigoid by Producing IL-5.
J Invest Dermatol
September 2024
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune skin disease caused by antibodies against type XVII collagen, leading to blister formation and inflammation in the skin.
- Researchers created specific CD4 T cell lines that recognize the collagen and tested their effects by transferring them into specially designed mice that only express human COL17.
- The study found that certain T cell lines caused symptoms similar to bullous pemphigoid, and high levels of IL-5 cytokine were linked to this effect; blocking IL-5 reduced the skin damage and antibody production.
Atezolizumab-Induced Type 1 Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Patient With Small Cell Lung Cancer and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Cureus
March 2024
Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Fukuyama, JPN.
In this report, we present a case of a 70-year-old male with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who developed type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) following treatment with atezolizumab plus chemotherapy. Despite well-controlled T2DM with oral hypoglycemic agents, the initiation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) led to rapid deterioration into insulin-dependent status due to ICI-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Vigilant monitoring for hyperglycemia and timely intervention is crucial during ICI therapy, considering the potentially life-threatening complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Features of Paediatric Inflammatory Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: A Case Series Study.
Acta Derm Venereol
January 2024
Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), a rare autoimmune skin condition that occurs infrequently in children, examining 7 pediatric patients aged 16 and under.
- All patients showed inflammatory EBA, with some displaying symptoms similar to bullous pemphigoid, and unique histopathological features such as specific neutrophil distributions.
- Treatment involved glucocorticoids and other medications like dapsone, thalidomide, and sulfasalazine, all of which were effective, but relapses often happened when glucocorticoid dosages were reduced or stopped, indicating a need for tailored treatment and follow-up for children with this condition.
Autoimmune bullous dermatoses in cancer patients treated by immunotherapy: a literature review and Italian multicentric experience.
Front Med (Lausanne)
July 2023
Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Cutaneous immune-related adverse events are frequently associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) administration in cancer patients. In fact, these monoclonal antibodies bind the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed cell death-1/ligand 1 leading to a non-specific activation of the immune system against both tumoral cells and self-antigens. The skin is the most frequently affected organ system appearing involved especially by inflammatory manifestations such as maculopapular, lichenoid, psoriatic, and eczematous eruptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase report: A case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with IgG and IgM anti-basement membrane zone antibodies relapsed after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.
Front Med (Lausanne)
May 2023
Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- A 20-year-old Japanese woman with a history of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) experienced a recurrence of skin lesions following her COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.
- The patient's symptoms included fever, rash, and various skin issues such as blisters and erosions, which were confirmed through physical examination and skin biopsy.
- Tests indicated the presence of IgG and IgM autoantibodies against the epidermal basement membrane zone, suggesting a link between her autoimmune condition and the vaccination.
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