Autoimmune ophthalmopathy (AIO) is currently regarded as an independent genetically determined autoimmune disease characterized by lesions of the organs of vision and can be combined with other endocrine and non-endocrine autoimmune disorders. There are few publications about the combination and the differential diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and AIO. The authors present a clinical case of the combination of myasthenia gravis and autoimmune eye disease with the symptoms of the malignant exophthalmos. Our case report is of interest because the symptoms of AIO not only remain but became worse in pharmacological hypothyroidism that confirms the independence of this disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro201611610182-84 | DOI Listing |
Front Pharmacol
January 2025
The First Department of Specialty Medicine, Inner Mongolia Corps Hospital of The Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Hohhot, China.
Introduction: Eculizumab is a C5 complement inhibitor approved by the FDA for the targeted treatment of four rare diseases, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG+NMOSD). The current study was conducted to assess real-world adverse events (AEs) associated with eculizumab through data mining of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods: Disproportionality analyses, including Reporting Ratio Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) algorithms were used to quantify the signals of eculizumab-associated AEs.
BMC Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Liuzhou People's Hospital affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, No.8 Rd.wenchang Liuzhou, Liuzhou, 545000, Guangxi Province, China.
Background: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune, antibody-mediated inflammatory disease of the brain characterized by the presence of IgG antibodies targeting the excitatory N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Previous research has established that the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) regulates the transport and circulation of immunoglobulins (IgG). Efgartigimod, an FcRn antagonist, has been shown to enhance patient outcomes by promoting IgG clearance, and it has exhibited substantial clinical efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAAPA
February 2025
Allyson Hamacher is an instructor in neurology and assistant director of the NP/PA Neurology Fellowship at Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, Ariz. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Ganzhou City People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder involving complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS), and other methods have identified multiple novel susceptibility loci and genes, providing crucial insights into the genetic etiology of MG. Moreover, the pivotal roles of epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, in the pathogenesis of MG are gradually being unveiled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
March 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated hospital of Soochow University (Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital), Suzhou, China.
Hyperthyroidism is linked to several muscle disorders, including thyrotoxic myopathy, myasthenia gravis, and periodic paralysis. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening neuromuscular condition that predominantly affects Asian males and is characterized by muscle weakness, hypokalemia, and thyrotoxicosis. Treatment involves potassium supplementation, and beta-blockers.
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