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Objective: Preterm infants are at high risk for developmental delay, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders. Some reports have described associations between these conditions and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) dysfunction; however, no study has evaluated temporal changes in GABA in preterm infants. Therefore, we assessed temporal changes in brain metabolites including GABA using single-voxel 3-Tesla (T) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) in preterm infants with normal development.
Methods: We performed 3T H-MRS at 37-46 postmenstrual weeks (PMWs, period A) and 64-73PMWs (period B). GABA was assessed with the MEGA-PRESS method. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), glutamate-glutamine complex (Glx), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (Ins) were assessed with the PRESS method. Metabolite concentrations were automatically calculated using LCModel.
Results: Data were collected from 20 preterm infants for periods A and B (medians [ranges], 30 [24-34] gestational weeks, 1281 [486-2030]g birth weight). GABA/Cr ratio decreased significantly in period B (p=0.03), but there was no significant difference in GABA/Cho ratios (p=0.58) between the two periods. In period B, NAA/Cr, Glx/Cr, NAA/Cho, and Glx/Cho ratios were significantly increased (p<0.01), whereas Cho/Cr, Ins/Cr, and Ins/Cho ratios were significantly decreased (p<0.01). There was no significant difference for GABA or Cho concentrations (p=0.52, p=0.22, respectively). NAA, Glx, and Cr concentrations were significantly increased (p<0.01), whereas Ins was significantly decreased (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Our results provide new information on normative values of brain metabolites in preterm infants.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.braindev.2016.10.006 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Open
December 2024
Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Objectives: The objectives of the study are to investigate infection risk in offspring born to women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with offspring born to women without SLE and examine the mediating role of preterm birth.
Design: This is a register-based cohort study.
Setting: Liveborn singletons born in Sweden, 2006-2021, were included in the study.
Brain Struct Funct
December 2024
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Aim: To describe the cortical brain development and full-IQ performance in middle school age children after extremely preterm (EPT) birth considering discrete white matter abnormalities (WMA). In addition, to assess possible early motor predictors of cortical brain development and full-IQ in children born EPT with and without discrete WMA diagnosed at 10 years.
Methods: T1-weighted MRI images from fifty-one children born before 27 weeks' gestation and 40 full-term born controls (M=10.
Pediatr Surg Int
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Türkiye.
Background: We aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, risk factors and prognostic factors affecting the clinical follow-up of patients who underwent tube thoracostomy due to pneumothorax in the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital.
Methods: In our study; 54 cases with neonatal pneumothorax underwent tube thoracostomy followed up in the neonatal intensive care unit between April 2014 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: The gestational age of the cases was between 28 and 38 weeks; 24 (44.
Arch Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France; LIFT Network, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France.
Background: Very preterm children are at greater risk of academic difficulties (AD). Some of them start school a year earlier than anticipated during pregnancy due to being born preterm. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between neurodevelopment, school-entry age, and AD at age seven.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOman Med J
July 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypothermia among preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation and whether their temperature at admission is associated with neonatal and maternal risk factors and gestational age. Furthermore, the study evaluates the association between admission temperature, neonatal morbidity, and in-hospital mortality.
Methods: This study involved an eight-year retrospective analysis of preterm neonates born < 32 weeks of gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in Oman, from 2010 to 2017.
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