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Gender Imbalance in Citation Practices in Communication Sciences and Disorders Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol
January 2025
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle.
Purpose: Despite recent advances, gender inequality remains a major concern within the workforce. One manifestation of gender inequality in academia is the undercitation of women-authored compared to men-authored papers that is thought to reflect implicit biases and has important implications for the academic advancement for research-intensive female faculty. These studies largely stem from male-dominant professions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFX-inactive-specific transcript: a long noncoding RNA with a complex role in sex differences in human disease.
Biol Sex Differ
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
In humans, the X and Y chromosomes determine the biological sex, XX specifying for females and XY for males. The long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) plays a crucial role in the process of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in cells of the female, a process that ensures the balanced expression of X-linked genes between sexes. Initially, it was believed that XIST can be expressed only from the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and is considered a typically female-specific transcript.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Resilience looks like me": Community stakeholder perspectives on resilience in Black boys and young men exposed to community violence.
Am Psychol
November 2024
Centering Black Voices Research Laboratory, University of North Carolina Greensboro.
Black boys and young men are disproportionately burdened with navigating contexts of community violence resulting from race-based structural inequities and concentrated disadvantage. Despite this chronic adversity, many Black boys and young men thrive; however, resilience research has traditionally focused on identifying individual- and family-level factors that support resilience. Research has yet to fully examine community-level resources that facilitate processes of resilience for Black boys and young men in the contexts of trauma, violence, and poverty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Eye on Childbearing, Fertility, and Lactation Experiences: A Survey of Canadian Ophthalmologists and Trainees.
J Surg Educ
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to explore the experiences of Canadian ophthalmologists and trainees regarding childbearing, fertility, and lactation, using an online survey conducted between April and August 2022 with 137 respondents (46% females).
- - Results indicated that women reported more challenges than men, such as training influencing childbearing choices, concerns about future fertility, and difficulties with parental leave, largely due to pressures from colleagues and finding coverage for their roles.
- - Conclusions highlighted that female ophthalmologists face significant barriers related to family responsibilities, including inadequate support for lactation and childcare, which affect their career progression and engagement in leadership roles.
The reproductive geography of miscarriages. Social identities, places, and reproductive inequalities.
Soc Sci Med
November 2024
Department of International Development, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK. Electronic address:
Increasing epidemiological evidence demonstrates the correlation between toxic contamination and miscarriages, and the disproportionate exposure of marginalised and racialised groups to environmental burdens. Yet, the debate on environmental reproductive health is still largely underpinned by a reductionist biomedical understanding of the health-place relationship that overlooks the interplay between social identities and places. In this article, I argue that understanding the role that places play in shaping reproductive inequalities, beyond the simplistic recognition of the environment as a factor of risk, is important to design a more inclusive reproductive health agenda that addresses the multiple scales across which reproductive inequalities unfold.
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