The adhesion nexus is the site at which integrin receptors bridge intracellular cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix networks. The connection between integrins and the cytoskeleton is mediated by a dynamic integrin adhesion complex (IAC), the components of which transduce chemical and mechanical signals to control a multitude of cellular functions. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we integrate the consensus adhesome, a set of 60 proteins that have been most commonly identified in isolated IAC proteomes, with the literature-curated adhesome, a theoretical network that has been assembled through scholarly analysis of proteins that localise to IACs. The resulting IAC network, which comprises four broad signalling and actin-bridging axes, provides a platform for future studies of the regulation and function of the adhesion nexus in health and disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.192054 | DOI Listing |
PNAS Nexus
December 2024
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Optimizing mechanical adhesion to specific human tissue types is a field of research that has gained increasing attention over the past two decades due to its utility for diagnostics, therapeutics, and surgical device design. This is especially relevent for medical devices, which could benefit from the presence of attachment mechanisms in order to better target-specific regions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or other soft tissues for sensing, sample collection, and drug release. In this work, and inspired by the tissue anchoring adaptations found in diverse parasitic taxa, we present a design and manufacturing platform for the production of a nonintuitive bioinspired millimeter-scale articulated attachment mechanism using laminate fabrication techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon.
Background/objectives: A specialized microenvironment in the bone marrow, composed of stromal cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), supports hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, and differentiation bands play an important role in leukemia development and progression. The reciprocal direct interaction between MSCs and CD34 HSCs under physiological and pathological conditions is yet to be fully characterized.
Methods: Here, we established a direct co-culture model between MSCs and CD34 HSCs or MSCs and acute myeloid leukemia cells (THP-1, Molm-13, and primary cells from patients) to study heterocellular communication.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States.
Endometriosis is a debilitating disease affecting 190 million women worldwide and the greatest single contributor to infertility. The most broadly accepted etiology is that uterine endometrial cells retrogradely enter the peritoneum during menses, implant and form invasive lesions in a process analogous to cancer metastasis. However, over 90% of women suffer retrograde menstruation, but only 10% develop endometriosis, and debate continues as to whether the underlying defect is endometrial or peritoneal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMov Disord
December 2024
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
bioRxiv
November 2024
University of Oregon, Institute of Neuroscience, Eugene, OR 97405, USA.
Neuronal circuits are composed of synapses that are either chemical, where signals are transmitted via neurotransmitter release and reception, or electrical, where signals pass directly through interneuronal gap junction channels. While the molecular complexity that controls chemical synapse structure and function is well appreciated, the proteins of electrical synapses beyond the gap-junction-forming Connexins are not well defined. Yet, electrical synapses are expected to be molecularly complex beyond the gap junctions.
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