Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in China and worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission is one of HBV's main transmission routes in highly endemic regions. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at loci as associated with HBV infection. However, the mechanisms of HBV perinatal transmission and breakthrough in children have not yet been clearly defined.
Objectives: We aimed to explore the association between SNPs at loci and HBV infection and breakthrough in children.
Methods: A total of 274 HBV-infected children and 353 controls were selected among children aged between 6 months and 12 years in China. Seven SNPs at - and loci were genotyped to analyze their association with HBV infection in children.
Results: Alleles G in both rs3077 and rs9277535 were found to be significantly associated with HBV infection in children with odds ratios (OR) of 1.309 (95% CI 1.046 to 1.639) and 1.411 (95% CI 1.125 to 1.771), respectively. In addition, overdominant analysis found that the rs2281388 () GA genotype and the rs9366816 () TC genotype were related to HBV infection (rs2281388, OR = 1.422, 95% CI: 1.032-1.961; rs9366816, OR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.045-1.994). Furthermore, this study highlighted that rs9277535 was also significantly associated with HBV breakthrough infection in children whose mothers were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
Conclusions: Our study confirmed that genetic variants in and HLA-DPB1 loci have significant associations with HBV infection, especially with HBV breakthrough in children. This study provides insight into HBV infection in children and is valuable for the targeted management of, and control strategies for, this disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/hepatmon.37786 | DOI Listing |
World J Gastrointest Oncol
January 2025
Institute of Liver Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China.
In this editorial, we comment on the article by Mu , published in the recent issue of the . We pay special attention to the immune tolerance mechanism caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the role of antiviral therapy in treating HCC related to HBV infection. HBV infection leads to systemic innate immune tolerance by directly inhibiting pattern recognition receptor recognition and antiviral signaling pathways, as well as by inhibiting the immune functions of macrophages, natural killer cells and dendritic cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Viral Hepat
February 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
As the second most populated country in Africa, Ethiopia needs public health measures to control diseases that impact its population. The goal of this study is to analyse disease burdens of HBV and HCV, while also highlighting their estimated associated costs for the country. A literature review and a Delphi process reflecting input of Ethiopian experts and the National Viral Hepatitis Technical Working Group were used to complement mathematical modelling to estimate HBV and HCV disease and economic burdens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Viral Hepat
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Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Dendritic cells are the most potent antigen-presenting cells in immune therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Here, we developed a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous HBV vaccine-pulsed DCs and their induced T cells (HPDCT) in CHB patients. This was a randomised, prospective, open-label, multicentre, superiority study and 309 treatment-naive CHB patients were divided into HPDCT plus nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) group (n = 84), NAs mono-therapy group (n = 82), HPDCT plus Peg-interferon (Peg-IFN) group (n = 69), Peg-IFN mono-therapy group (n = 74).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine X
January 2025
Reference Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità [Italian National Institute of Health], Rome, Italy.
Globally, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at greater risk of contracting Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection than the general population, due to their frequent contact with blood or body fluids. For this reason, WHO underlined the importance of HBV immunization for all HCWs. Although sex is now considered one of the key factors influencing the intensity and duration of the immune response to vaccines, sex-specific analysis of vaccine-induced anti-HBs antibodies is rarely conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
In this editorial, we comment on the article by Meng . Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a significant global health problem, particularly in developing countries. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most important risk factors for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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