Two major conducting tissues in plants, phloem and xylem, are composed of highly specialized cell types adapted to long distance transport. Sieve elements (SEs) in the phloem display a thick cell wall, callose-rich sieve plates and low cytoplasmic density. SE differentiation is driven by selective autolysis combined with enucleation, after which the plasma membrane and some organelles are retained. By contrast, differentiation of xylem tracheary elements (TEs) involves complete clearance of the cellular components by programmed cell death followed by autolysis of the protoplast; this is accompanied by extensive deposition of lignin and cellulose in the cell wall. Emerging molecular data on TE and SE differentiation indicate a central role for NAC and MYB type transcription factors in both processes.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2016.10.007 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A viscoelastic-plastic deformation model of hemisphere-like tip growth in Arabidopsis zygotes.
Quant Plant Biol
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Yurihonjo, Japan.
Plant zygote cells exhibit tip growth, producing a hemisphere-like tip. To understand how this hemisphere-like tip shape is formed, we revisited a viscoelastic-plastic deformation model that enabled us to simultaneously evaluate the shape, stress and strain of Arabidopsis () zygote cells undergoing tip growth. Altering the spatial distribution of cell wall extensibility revealed that cosine-type distribution and growth in a normal direction to the surface create a stable hemisphere-like tip shape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificant response to tocilizumab in a case of immune deposits-related membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial nephritis complicated by multicentric Castleman's disease.
Clin Nephrol Case Stud
December 2024
Nephrology Center and the Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research.
A 47-year-old woman with a 12-year history of anemia and high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was admitted to our hospital with worsening fatigue and night sweats. She had high levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG; 4182 mg/dL), IgA (630.6 mg/dL), and CRP (7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuppression of Sepsis Cytokine Storm by Escherichia Coli Cell Wall-Derived Carbon Dots.
Adv Mater
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Article Synopsis
- Sepsis is a severe condition caused by an uncontrolled immune reaction to infections, often involving harmful bacteria like E. coli, and currently lacks effective treatments.
- Researchers developed E. coli wall-derived carbon dots (E-CDs) that can reduce inflammation and improve survival rates in septic mice by binding to immune receptors and preventing excessive immune responses.
- E-CDs also show promise in other models, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting they could be a new therapeutic approach for treating sepsis by utilizing pathogen-derived materials.
NLRP3 promotes inflammatory signaling and IL-1β cleavage in acute lung injury caused by cell wall extract of Lactobacillus casei.
Commun Biol
January 2025
The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230023, P. R. China.
Gram-positive bacterial pneumonia is a significant cause of hospitalization and death. Shortage of a good experimental model and therapeutic targets hinders the cure of acute lung injury (ALI). This study has established a mouse model of ALI using Gram-positive bacteria Lactobacillus casie cell wall extracts (LCWE) and identified the key regulator NLRP3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEncapsulation, vacuolation, and phagocytosis of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus in the liver of an immunocompetent host.
Microscopy (Oxf)
January 2025
Department of Forest Ecology and Protection, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea.
The cellular characteristics of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus species were investigated in the infected liver of an immunocompetent host using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With no records of immunodeficiency, the 3-year-old female patient displayed a high-grade fever, lethargy, and increasing jaundice. TEM analysis revealed the presence of round yeast cells in the patient's liver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!