Heterozygous kinase domain mutations or homozygous extracellular domain mutations in have been reported to cause Hartsfield syndrome (HS), which is characterized by the triad of holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly and cleft lip/palate. To date, more than 200 mutations in have been described; however, only 10 HS-associated mutations have been reported thus far. We describe a case of typical HS with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) harboring a novel heterozygous mutation, p.His253Pro, in the extracellular domain of . This is the first report of an HS-associated heterozygous mutation located in the extracellular domain of , thus expanding our understanding of the phenotypic features and further developmental course associated with mutations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hgv.2016.34 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Departments of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita-gun, Takamatsu 761-0793, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan.
Galectins are widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom, from marine sponges to mammals. Galectins are a family of soluble lectins that specifically recognize β-galactoside-containing glycans and are categorized into three subgroups based on the number and function of their carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs). The interaction of galectins with specific ligands mediates a wide range of biological activities, depending on the cell type, tissue context, expression levels of individual galectin, and receptor involvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Genera Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Drug development for human disease relies on preclinical model systems such as human cell cultures and animal experiments before therapeutic treatments can ultimately be tested on humans in clinical studies. We here describe the generation of a novel human cell line (HLMVEC/SVTERT289) that we generated by transfection of microvascular endothelial cells from healthy donor lung tissue with the catalytic domain of telomerase and the SV40 large T/small t-antigen. These cells exhibited satisfactory growth characteristics and largely maintained their native characteristics, including morphology, cell surface marker expression, angiogenic potential and the protein composition of secreted extracellular vesicles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
Abnormal development of the second heart field significantly contributes to congenital heart defects, often caused by disruptions in tightly regulated molecular pathways. , a gene encoding a protein with SET and MYND domains, is essential for heart and skeletal muscle development. Mutations in SMYD1 result in severe cardiac malformations and misregulation of expression in mammals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
Ctr1 is a membrane-spanning homotrimer that facilitates copper uptake in eukaryotic cells with high affinity. While structural details of the transmembrane domain of human Ctr1 have been elucidated using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM, the transfer mechanisms of copper and the conformational changes that control the gating mechanism remain poorly understood. The role of the extracellular N-terminal domains is particularly unclear due to the absence of a high-resolution structure of the full-length hCtr1 protein and limited biochemical and biophysical characterization of the transporter in solution and in cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
There is increasing evidence to indicate that histotripsy treatment can enhance the host anti-tumor immune responses both locally at the targeting tumor site as well as systemically from abscopal effects. Histotripsy is a non-invasive ultrasound ablation technology that mechanically disrupts target tissue via cavitation. A key factor contributing to histotripsy-induced abscopal effects is believed to be the release of tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) or tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that induce a systemic immune response.
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