This study sought to evaluate the occurrence of adverse events and their impacts on length of stay and mortality in an intensive care unit (ICU). This is a prospective study carried out in a teaching hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The cohort included 355 patients over 18 years of age admitted to the ICU between August 1, 2011 and July 31, 2012. The process we used to identify adverse events was adapted from the method proposed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. We used a logistical regression to analyze the association between adverse event occurrence and death, adjusted by case severity. We confirmed 324 adverse events in 115 patients admitted over the year we followed. The incidence rate was 9.3 adverse events per 100 patients-day and adverse event occurrence impacted on an increase in length of stay (19 days) and in mortality (OR = 2.047; 95%CI: 1.172-3.570). This study highlights the serious problem of adverse events in intensive care and the risk factors associated with adverse event incidence. Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de eventos adversos e o impacto deles sobre o tempo de permanência e a mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo desenvolvido em um hospital de ensino do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A coorte foi formada por 355 pacientes maiores de 18 anos, admitidos na UTI, no período de 1º de agosto de 2011 a 31 de julho de 2012. O processo de identificação de eventos adversos baseou-se em uma adaptação do método proposto pelo Institute for Healthcare Improvement. A regressão logística foi utilizada para analisar a associação entre a ocorrência de evento adverso e o óbito, ajustado pela gravidade do paciente. Confirmados 324 eventos adversos em 115 pacientes internados ao longo de um ano de seguimento. A taxa de incidência foi de 9,3 eventos adversos por 100 pacientes-dia, e a ocorrência de evento adverso impactou no aumento do tempo de internação (19 dias) e na mortalidade (OR = 2,047; IC95%: 1,172-3,570). Este estudo destaca o sério problema dos eventos adversos na assistência à saúde prestada na terapia intensiva e os fatores de risco associados à incidência de eventos.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00081815 | DOI Listing |
Nephrol Dial Transplant
November 2024
Department of Medicine and Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Background And Hypothesis: Daprodustat, an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is approved for treatment of anemia in dialysis patients with CKD in some parts of the world. This subgroup analysis examined the efficacy and safety of daprodustat versus darbepoetin alfa in patients with anemia of CKD undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).
Methods: ASCEND-D (NCT02879305) was an open-label, Phase 3 trial; patients with CKD were randomized to daprodustat daily and epoetin alfa (HD patients) or darbepoetin alfa (PD patients).
Curr Drug Discov Technol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy Practice, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, 603203, India.
Background: Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet drug commonly used in cardiovascular disease, is metabolized by the liver mainly through CYP2C19. Concomitant use of Proton pump inhibitors along with clopidogrel may affect the potency of clopidogrel by CYP2C19 inhibition. However, a novel PPI, ilaprazole is known to differ in its pharmacokinetic features, given the potential differences between ilaprazole's interactions and their metabolism with clopidogrel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Diabetes
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 51941, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Patients admitted with prediabetes and atrial fibrillation are at high risk for major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events independent of confounding variables. The shared pathophysiology between these three serious but common diseases and their association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors establish a vicious circle culminating in high atherogenicity. Because of that, it is of paramount importance to perform risk stratification of patients with prediabetes to define phenotypes that benefit from various interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Age-associated depletion in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) concentrations has been implicated in metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. Supplementation with NAD+ precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR), offers a potential therapeutic avenue against neurodegenerative pathologies in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias. A crossover, double-blind, randomized placebo (PBO) controlled trial was conducted to test the safety and efficacy of 8 weeks' active treatment with NR (1 g/day) on cognition and plasma AD biomarkers in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastrointest Oncol
January 2025
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer (BTC) and has a poor prognosis. A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC. However, the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.
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