Extensive cross-linking of a precipitate of a protein by a cross-linking reagent (glutaraldehyde has been most commonly used) creates an insoluble enzyme preparation called cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). CLEAs show high stability and performance in conventional aqueous as well as nonaqueous media. These are also stable at fairly high temperatures. CLEAs with more than one kind of enzyme activity can be prepared, and such CLEAs are called combi-CLEAs or multipurpose CLEAs. Extent of cross-linking often influences their morphology, stability, activity, and enantioselectivity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6499-4_9 | DOI Listing |
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
February 2025
McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were responsible for approximately 19 million deaths in 2020, marking an increase of 18.7% since 2010. Biological decellularized patches are common therapeutic solutions for CVD such as cardiac and valve defects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosensors (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
A novel electrochemical detection method utilizing a cost-effective hybrid-modified electrode has been established. A glassy carbon (GC) modified electrode was tested for its ability to measure electrochemical tTG antibody levels, which are essential for diagnosing and monitoring Celiac disease (CD). Tissue transglutaminase protein biomolecules are immobilized on a quantum dots-polypyrrole nanocomposite in the improved electrode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
February 2025
College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan 462300, China. Electronic address:
The objective of this study was to understand the microstructure, textural properties, and in-vitro starch digestibility of instant fried noodle enriched with cross-linked phosphorylated type 4 resistant wheat starch (CLWRS4). Pasting viscosity results showed that CLWRS4 granule had low swelling and high resistance to rupture during high-temperature steaming and frying. Scanning electron microscopic images showed that instant fried noodles prepared using wheat flours containing 20% and 40% CLWRS4 exhibited denser structure and lower porosity than their respective counterparts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cell Res Ther
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Background: Understanding how enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) differentiate into neurons is crucial for neurogenesis therapy and gastrointestinal disease research. This study explores how magnesium ions regulate the glycolytic pathway to enhance ENCCs differentiation into neurons.
Materials And Methods: We used polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence, and multielectrode array techniques to assess magnesium ions' impact on ENCCs differentiation.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India.
Cellulosic nanomaterials have significantly promoted the development of sensing devices, drug delivery, and bioreactor processes. Their synthetic flexibility makes them a prominent choice for immobilizing biomolecules or cells. In this work, we developed a practical and user-friendly approach to accessing cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs).
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