Positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (CT) using F-3'-fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine (F-FLT) offers noninvasive assessment of cell proliferation in human cancers in vivo. The present review discusses the current status on clinical applications of F-FLT-PET (or PET/CT) in digestive and abdominal oncology by comparing with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-PET (or PET/CT). The results of this review show that although F-FLT uptake is lower in most cases of digestive and abdominal malignancies compared with F-FDG uptake, F-FLT-PET can be used to detect primary tumors. F-FLT-PET has shown greater specificity for N staging than F-FDG-PET which can show false-positive uptake in areas of inflammation. However, because of the high background uptake in the liver and bone marrow, it has a limited role of assessing liver and bone metastases. Instead, F-FLT-PET will be a powerful tool for monitoring response to treatment and provide prognostic information in digestive and abdominal oncology.
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