Packaging of DNA into chromatin affects all processes on DNA. Nucleosomes present a strong barrier to transcription, raising important questions about the nature and the mechanisms of overcoming the barrier. Recently it was shown that DNA sequence, DNA-histone interactions and backtracking by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) all contribute to formation of the barrier. After partial uncoiling of nucleosomal DNA from histone octamer by Pol II and backtracking of the enzyme, nucleosomal DNA recoils on the octamer, locking Pol II in the arrested state. Histone chaperones and transcription factors TFIIS, TFIIF and FACT facilitate transcription through chromatin using different molecular mechanisms.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5041593 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084.100017 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Lactobacillus crispatus S-layer proteins modulate innate immune response and inflammation in the lower female reproductive tract.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Lactobacillus species dominance of the vaginal microbiome is a hallmark of vaginal health. Pathogen displacement of vaginal lactobacilli drives innate immune activation and mucosal barrier disruption, increasing the risks of STI acquisition and, in pregnancy, of preterm birth. We describe differential TLR mediated activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB by vaginal pathogens and commensals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTeaching Preclinical Medical Students Lifestyle Counseling Skills for Patients' Health Behavior Change.
MedEdPORTAL
December 2024
Associate Professor, Department of Medical Education, and Assistant Dean, Clinical Skills Education, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine.
Introduction: Physicians face barriers to counseling patients regarding lifestyle, specifically, low perceived importance of and confidence in counseling, leading to underuse. There is a dearth in the literature evaluating educational interventions for counseling skills among preclinical medical students. Closing this gap is crucial to taking advantage of critical opportunities early in training.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew tools to monitor infection and biofilms in .
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health problem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen of major concern because of its multidrug resistance and global threat, especially in health-care settings. The pathogenesis and drug resistance of depends on its ability to form biofilms, making infections chronic and untreatable as the biofilm protects against antibiotics and host immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood for thought: a qualitative assessment of medical trainee and faculty perceptions of nutrition education.
BMC Med Educ
December 2024
Department of Medical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Geisinger College of Health Sciences, 525 Pine Street, Scranton, PA, 18509, USA.
Background: The American Society of Clinical Nutrition recommends 37 to 44 h of undergraduate medical nutrition education. The Total Health Curriculum at Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine (GCSOM) contains 14 h of objective-based nutritional instruction. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of key stakeholders regarding the role of nutrition in medicine and to identify barriers, opportunities for improvement, and roles/responsibilities for innovative implementation of nutrition education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSLC26A3 (DRA, the Congenital Chloride Diarrhea Gene): A Novel Therapeutic Target for Diarrheal Diseases.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol
December 2024
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; - Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address:
Diarrhea associated with enteric infections, gut inflammation, and genetic defects poses a major health burden and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Impaired fluid and electrolyte absorption and/or secretion in the intestine are the hallmark of diarrhea. Electroneutral NaCl absorption in the mammalian GI tract involves the coupling of Na/H and Cl/HCO exchangers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!