In postnatal dentin formation, odontoblast differentiation occurs in the pulp tissue regenerative process under pathological condition. Odontoblasts and newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells beneath the caries lesion form tertiary dentin and are highly odontogenic. To observe the activity of dentinogenesis occur within the hard tissue, a combination of immunohistological analysis and immunodetection of dentinogenesis specific molecules, such as dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and/or its cleaved products dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin phosphoprotein (DPP), is a reliable approach. Besides, recent studies have revealed that the expression of CCN family member 2 (CCN2), a member of the CCN family protein, is confirmed in accordance with tooth development and reparative dentin formation. Therefore, CCN2 could serve as a marker for dentinogenesis. Here, we describe a method for visualizing the CCN2 signal as an odontogenic activity in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections of demineralized human teeth and human dental pulp cells.
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