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Sequence independent immune effects of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) dsRNA complexed with phytoglycogen nanoparticles in freshwater crayfish.
J Invertebr Pathol
December 2024
Department of Health Sciences, 75 University Ave W, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo ON N2L 3C5, Canada. Electronic address:
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a double stranded (ds)DNA virus, is a pathogen that causes massive mortalities in crustaceans worldwide. The present study focuses on using dsRNA to induce sequence-independent immune responses to control virus replication. DsRNA is a well characterized innate immune stimulant in vertebrates and effectively induces an antiviral state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiac manifestations of post-acute withdrawal syndrome from a history of synthetic cathinone and opioid use.
Med J Malaysia
November 2024
Non-Commercial Joint-Stock Company "Semey Medical University", Abay St. 103, Semey, Kazakhstan.
Article Synopsis
- Synthetic cathinones and opioids are prevalent illicit drugs in Central Asia, with many users experiencing poly-dependence and associated cardiovascular health risks.
- A study involving 294 patients assessed the cardiac effects of these drugs through electrocardiography and echocardiography, revealing significant differences in heart function measurements between users of synthetic cathinones and opioids.
- The findings showed that both groups exhibited issues like left ventricular hypertrophy and reduced ejection fraction, highlighting the need for further research on cardiac complications in patients undergoing post-acute withdrawal syndrome.
Fouling-Resistant Voltammetric Xylazine Sensors for Detection of the Street Drug "Tranq".
Toxics
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.
As the opioid crisis continues to wreak havoc on a global scale, it is increasingly critical to develop methodologies to detect the most dangerous drugs such as fentanyl and its derivatives, which have orders of magnitude higher potency than morphine. The scientific challenge for chemical detection of fentanyl and its derivatives is complicated by both the constantly increasing synthetic variations of the drug as well as the expanded use of adulterants. One tragically consequential example is the nocuous street drug known as "Tranq", which combines fentanyl or a fentanyl derivative with the veterinary sedative Rompun, chemically identified as xylazine (XYL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreventing Substance Use and Overdose Among Young Adults: The Role of Social Determinants of Health.
Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ)
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Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.
The United States is in the midst of an evolving overdose crisis, driven by the proliferation of potent synthetic opioids (e.g., illicitly made fentanyl), the resurgence of stimulants (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConditioned place preference with low dose mixtures of α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP) and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, United States of America. Electronic address:
Two common constituents of psychoactive "bath salts", 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and α-pyrrolidinoipentiophenone (α-PVP) belong to a novel class of synthetic chemicals structurally related to the psychostimulant drug, cathinone. Recreational use of MDPV and α-PVP pose serious health risks, which may be exacerbated by concomitant use of both substances. Preclinical psychopharmacology studies have established that MDPV and α-PVP have high abuse liabilities, comparable to that of cocaine and methamphetamine.
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