There remains considerable controversy about how the brain operates. This review focuses on brain activity rather than just structure and on concepts of action and actionability rather than truth conditions. Neural Communication is reviewed as a crucial aspect of neural encoding. Consequently, logical inference is superseded by neural simulation. Some remaining mysteries are discussed.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5036279 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01457 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
UNESCO Centre of Water Law, Policy & Science, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Understanding snow and ice melt dynamics is vital for flood risk assessment and effective water resource management in populated river basins sourced in inaccessible high-mountains. This study provides an AI-enabled hybrid approach integrating glacio-hydrological model outputs (GSM-SOCONT), with different machine learning and deep learning techniques framed as alternative 'computational scenarios, leveraging both physical processes and data-driven insights for enhanced predictive capabilities. The standalone deep learning model (CNN-LSTM), relying solely on meteorological data, outperformed its counterpart machine learning and glacio-hydrological model equivalents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Air Waste Manag Assoc
January 2025
School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China.
Dust emissions from open-pit mining pose a significant threat to environmental safety and human health. Currently, the range of dust suppressants used in coal mining is limited, often failing to account for their suitability across various stockpiles. This oversight results in poor infiltration after application, leading to insufficient crust formation and reduced durability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Med
January 2025
Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) reduces mortality and hospitalization rates in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but low adherence remains a challenge. Early initiation of S/V is recommended, yet no practical tool currently exists to effectively communicate its benefits to outpatients or assess patient stability before S/V initiation during hospitalization.
Methods: We collected data retrospectively from 527 HFrEF patients who started S/V between March 2017 and January 2020 at the National Taiwan University Hospital, with follow-up through September 2022.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
We aimed to develop and evaluate Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for fetal ultrasound using actionable concepts as feedback to end-users, using a prospective cross-center, multi-level approach. We developed, implemented, and tested a deep-learning model for fetal growth scans using both retrospective and prospective data. We used a modified Progressive Concept Bottleneck Model with pre-established clinical concepts as explanations (feedback on image optimization and presence of anatomical landmarks) as well as segmentations (outlining anatomical landmarks).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Endosc
January 2025
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Objectives: This study aimed to develop an automated skills assessment tool for surgical trainees using deep learning.
Background: Optimal surgical performance in robot-assisted surgery (RAS) is essential for ensuring good surgical outcomes. This requires effective training of new surgeons, which currently relies on supervision and skill assessment by experienced surgeons.
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