The development of multimodal probes with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative fluorescence imaging is the most challenging task in the field of tumor diagnosis. Herein, a simple one-pot hydrothermal method is used to prepare Eu-doped Gd(OH) nanorods (Gd(OH):Eu NRs) with good fluorescence and the longitudinal relaxivity r value of 4.78 (Gd mM s). After dual-functionalized maleimide-polyethylene glycol-succinimide (Mal-PEG-NHS) macromolecules are coated on the surface of Gd(OH):Eu NRs (PEG-NRs), the results of a lower degradation ratio in newborn calf serum (NCS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in L929 cells and the hemolytic rate of PEG-NRs show their good cyto-compatibility and longer blood circulation time. Moreover, the actively tumor-targeting properties are endowed to NRs through the conjugation of cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) (denoted RGD-NRs). The bio-distributions of RGD-NRs in tumor-bearing nude mice via tail-vein injection indicate that RGD-NRs are specifically taken-up by gliomas. The tests of in vivo T-weighted MR imaging via tail-vein injection confirm that RGD-NRs possess a higher positive signal-enhancement ability in gliomas. Besides, the better luminescence imaging of living cells under a fluorescence microscope and the clear in vivo fluorescence imaging further confirm the targeting properties and better in vivo optical imaging behavior of RGD-NRs.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt02304eDOI Listing

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