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Genetic, Structural, and Phenotypic Properties of MS2 Coliphage with Resistance to ClO Disinfection. | LitMetric

Genetic, Structural, and Phenotypic Properties of MS2 Coliphage with Resistance to ClO Disinfection.

Environ Sci Technol

Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and ‡Laboratory of Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Published: December 2016

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Common water disinfectants like chlorine have been reported to select for resistant viruses, yet little attention has been devoted to characterizing disinfection resistance. Here, we investigated the resistance of MS2 coliphage to inactivation by chlorine dioxide (ClO). ClO inactivates MS2 by degrading its structural proteins, thereby disrupting the ability of MS2 to attach to and infect its host. ClO-resistant virus populations emerged not only after repeated cycles of ClO disinfection followed by regrowth but also after dilution-regrowth cycles in the absence of ClO. The resistant populations exhibited several fixed mutations which caused the substitution of ClO-labile by ClO-stable amino acids. On a phenotypic level, these mutations resulted in a more stable host binding during inactivation compared to the wild-type, thus resulting in a greater ability to maintain infectivity. This conclusion was supported by cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the virus particle, which demonstrated that most structural modification occurred in the putative A protein, an important binding factor. Resistance was specific to the inactivation mechanism of ClO and did not result in significant cross-resistance to genome-damaging disinfectants. Overall, our data indicate that resistant viruses may emerge even in the absence of ClO pressure but that they can be inactivated by other common disinfectants.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04170DOI Listing

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