Activity of sixty two neurons of the caudate nucleus to the visual stimuli were recorded in awake cats. It was found that most (52%) of tested neurons gave visual responses of sensory type evoked by the appearance of light stimulus in the visual field and only 11% of them were of the motor type related to the guided eye movement to the target. About a quarter of neurons responded to biologically significant objects revealing nonspecific responses. Several types of visual responses could be recorded from the same neuron. The data obtained permit supposing the presence of several parallel pathways for afferent visual influences on the caudate nucleus.
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J Affect Disord
January 2025
Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between brain cortical and subcortical structures and major depressive disorder (MDD) using the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method.
Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as instrumental variables to analyze subcortical brain volume, cortical thickness, and surface area as exposure factors, with MDD as the outcome. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the results.
Brain Res Bull
January 2025
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China. Electronic address:
Background: Subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) frequently occurs alongside depressive symptoms, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. While cognitive decline and depressive symptoms are linked to cerebellar changes, the specific relationship between these changes and cognitive status in svMCI patients with depression remains unclear.
Objective: This study aimed to investigates the gray matter volume and functional alterations in the cerebellum of svMCI patients, with and without depressive symptoms, and their correlation with cognitive and depressive symptoms.
Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Background: Fine motor challenges are prevalent in autistic populations. However, little is known about their neurobiological underpinnings or how their related neural mechanisms are influenced by sex. The dorsal striatum, comprised of the caudate nucleus and putamen, is associated with motor learning and control and may hold critical information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetab Brain Dis
January 2025
Section of Osteimmunology and Oral Immunology, Laboratory of Dental Reseach. FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), México, Mexico State, México.
Unlabelled: LCN2 has an osteokine important for appetite regulation; in type 2 diabetes (T2D) it is not known whether appetite regulation mediated by LCN2 in the brain is altered. In this work, we focus on exploring the role of blocking LCN2 in metabolic health and appetite regulation within the central nervous system of mice with T2D.
Material And Methods: 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used, divided into four experimental groups: intact, T2D, TD2/anti-LCN2, and T2D/IgG as isotype control.
BMC Med Imaging
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Cognitive networks impairments are common in neuropsychiatric disorders like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ). While previous research has focused on specific brain regions, the role of the procedural memory as a type of long-term memory to examine cognitive networks impairments in these disorders remains unclear. This study investigates alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) within the procedural memory network to explore brain function associated with cognitive networks in patients with these disorders.
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