Context: Posterior shoulder instability has become more frequently recognized and treated as a unique subset of shoulder instability, especially in the military. Posterior shoulder pathology may be more difficult to accurately diagnose than its anterior counterpart, and commonly, patients present with complaints of pain rather than instability. "Posterior instability" may encompass both dislocation and subluxation, and the most common presentation is recurrent posterior subluxation. Arthroscopic and open treatment techniques have improved as understanding of posterior shoulder instability has evolved.
Evidence Acquisition: Electronic databases including PubMed and MEDLINE were queried for articles relating to posterior shoulder instability.
Study Design: Clinical review.
Level Of Evidence: Level 4.
Results: In low-demand patients, nonoperative treatment of posterior shoulder instability should be considered a first line of treatment and is typically successful. Conservative treatment, however, is commonly unsuccessful in active patients, such as military members. Those patients with persistent shoulder pain, instability, or functional limitations after a trial of conservative treatment may be considered surgical candidates. Arthroscopic posterior shoulder stabilization has demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes, high patient satisfaction, and low complication rates. Advanced techniques may be required in select cases to address bone loss, glenoid dysplasia, or revision.
Conclusion: Posterior instability represents about 10% of shoulder instability and has become increasingly recognized and treated in military members. Nonoperative treatment is commonly unsuccessful in active patients, and surgical stabilization can be considered in patients who do not respond. Isolated posterior labral repairs constitute up to 24% of operatively treated labral repairs in a military population. Arthroscopic posterior stabilization is typically considered as first-line surgical treatment, while open techniques may be required in complex or revision settings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738116672446 | DOI Listing |
Front Surg
February 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Objective: Modified double-row biceps tenodesis (MDBT) has been proved to be effective in treating slap injuries, but the impact of closing the rotator cuff gap remained postoperatively (the Pulley ring repair) on the long-term shoulder function and stability has not been conclusively investigated.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 157 patients with isolated unilateral type II SLAP lesions treated with MDBT from January 2019 to January 2023. 77 patients were without the Pulley ring repair (group A) and the remaining 80 patients were with the Pulley ring repair (group B).
Vet Med Sci
March 2025
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
Background: The metacarpus, one of the forelimb bones, is an important bone used in zooarchaeological studies and estimating shoulder height in sheep. Morphometric measurements were performed using different methods on the metacarpus of different sheep breeds.
Objectives: The study aims to measure the metacarpal bones morphometrically in different sheep breeds and model them with a 3D scanner.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon
March 2025
Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Canada.
Occupational reaching tasks performed with faulty postures may contribute to inefficient movement patterns that could lead to injury. Understanding relationships between posture and muscle activation during reaching tasks may elucidate movement patterns that increase occupational injury risk in workers. This study assessed whether postural factors and muscle activation predict forward reaching movement performance and accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
March 2025
University Hospital Center of Nîmes, 4 Professeur Robert Debré street, 30900 Nîmes, France. Electronic address:
Introduction: Chronic Posterior shoulder dislocation presents significant challenges, with treatment decisions influenced by the duration of the injury and the severity of humeral head damage. This report highlights an innovative technique for reconstructing humeral head defects using an osteocartilaginous graft from costal cartilage, offering insights into the surgical procedure and the patient's favorable recovery outcomes.
Presentation Of Case: The patient, a 23-year-old male with no significant medical history, was treated for a neglected posterior shoulder dislocation of two months' duration, complicated by a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion.
J Pediatr Orthop B
March 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery.
The choice of upper-instrumented vertebrae (UIV) for posterior spinal fusion (PSF) constructs is influenced by guidelines where UIV is T4 or more cephalad. In a cohort of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with thoracic curves, we sought to (a) compare postoperative shoulder balance for patients with UIV of T5-T6 versus T2-T4 and (b) evaluate curve and operative characteristics that lead to balance with a more caudal UIV. A single-institution AIS registry was queried for patients undergoing PSF from 2000 to 2017.
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