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Neuroinflammatory component of gray matter pathology in multiple sclerosis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) by using MR-PET imaging to quantify the expression of a protein linked to activated immune cells, focusing on various brain areas affected by MS.
  • It involved 15 secondary-progressive MS patients, 12 relapsing-remitting MS patients, and 14 healthy controls, measuring brain imaging and cognitive evaluations to assess inflammation and its clinical implications.
  • Results showed that MS patients had significantly higher levels of this protein in their brains compared to healthy controls, with a strong correlation between increased inflammation and poorer neurological and cognitive function, particularly in cortical areas.

Article Abstract

Objective: In multiple sclerosis (MS), using simultaneous magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography (MR-PET) imaging with C-PBR28, we quantified expression of the 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a marker of activated microglia/macrophages, in cortex, cortical lesions, deep gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) lesions, and normal-appearing WM (NAWM) to investigate the in vivo pathological and clinical relevance of neuroinflammation.

Methods: Fifteen secondary-progressive MS (SPMS) patients, 12 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients, and 14 matched healthy controls underwent C-PBR28 MR-PET. MS subjects underwent 7T T2*-weighted imaging for cortical lesion segmentation, and neurological and cognitive evaluation. C-PBR28 binding was measured using normalized 60- to 90-minute standardized uptake values and volume of distribution ratios.

Results: Relative to controls, MS subjects exhibited abnormally high C-PBR28 binding across the brain, the greatest increases being in cortex and cortical lesions, thalamus, hippocampus, and NAWM. MS WM lesions showed relatively modest TSPO increases. With the exception of cortical lesions, where TSPO expression was similar, C-PBR28 uptake across the brain was greater in SPMS than in RRMS. In MS, increased C-PBR28 binding in cortex, deep GM, and NAWM correlated with neurological disability and impaired cognitive performance; cortical thinning correlated with increased thalamic TSPO levels.

Interpretation: In MS, neuroinflammation is present in the cortex, cortical lesions, deep GM, and NAWM, is closely linked to poor clinical outcome, and is at least partly linked to neurodegeneration. Distinct inflammatory-mediated factors may underlie accumulation of cortical and WM lesions. Quantification of TSPO levels in MS could prove to be a sensitive tool for evaluating in vivo the inflammatory component of GM pathology, particularly in cortical lesions. Ann Neurol 2016;80:776-790.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5115951PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.24791DOI Listing

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