Hyperelastic "bone": A highly versatile, growth factor-free, osteoregenerative, scalable, and surgically friendly biomaterial.

Sci Transl Med

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Published: September 2016

Despite substantial attention given to the development of osteoregenerative biomaterials, severe deficiencies remain in current products. These limitations include an inability to adequately, rapidly, and reproducibly regenerate new bone; high costs and limited manufacturing capacity; and lack of surgical ease of handling. To address these shortcomings, we generated a new, synthetic osteoregenerative biomaterial, hyperelastic "bone" (HB). HB, which is composed of 90 weight % (wt %) hydroxyapatite and 10 wt % polycaprolactone or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), could be rapidly three-dimensionally (3D) printed (up to 275 cm(3)/hour) from room temperature extruded liquid inks. The resulting 3D-printed HB exhibited elastic mechanical properties (~32 to 67% strain to failure, ~4 to 11 MPa elastic modulus), was highly absorbent (50% material porosity), supported cell viability and proliferation, and induced osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells cultured in vitro over 4 weeks without any osteo-inducing factors in the medium. We evaluated HB in vivo in a mouse subcutaneous implant model for material biocompatibility (7 and 35 days), in a rat posterolateral spinal fusion model for new bone formation (8 weeks), and in a large, non-human primate calvarial defect case study (4 weeks). HB did not elicit a negative immune response, became vascularized, quickly integrated with surrounding tissues, and rapidly ossified and supported new bone growth without the need for added biological factors.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7704DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

hyperelastic "bone"
8
"bone" highly
4
highly versatile
4
versatile growth
4
growth factor-free
4
factor-free osteoregenerative
4
osteoregenerative scalable
4
scalable surgically
4
surgically friendly
4
friendly biomaterial
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!