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Metabolomics and its Application to the Development of Clinical Laboratory Tests for Prostate Cancer. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • There is a pressing need for clinical laboratory tests that assess risk and identify significant prostate cancer in men at high risk.
  • Recent advancements in mass spectrometry and chromatography have facilitated the development of high-throughput assays that analyze a wide range of biochemicals.
  • Metabolomics can enhance diagnostic tools by revealing distinct metabolic profiles linked to prostate cancer, and has the potential to improve patient management in a precision medicine framework.

Article Abstract

Introduction: There is a critical need to develop clinical laboratory assays that provide risk assessment for men at elevated risk for prostate cancer, and once diagnosed, could further identify those men with clinically significant disease.

Methods: Recent advancements in analytical instrumentation have enabled mass spectrometry-based metabolomics methodologies. Further advancements in chromatographic techniques have facilitated high throughput, quantitative assays for a broad spectrum of biochemicals.

Results: Screening metabolomics techniques have been applied to biospecimens from large cohorts of men comparing those individuals with prostate cancer to those with no evidence of malignancy. Work beginning in tissues has identified biochemical profiles that correlate with disease and disease severity, including tumor grade and stage. Some of these metabolic abnormalities, such as dramatic elevations in sarcosine, have been found to translate into biological fluids, especially blood and urine, which can be sampled in a minimally invasive manner.

Discussion: The differential abundances of these tumor-associated metabolites have been found to improve the performance of clinical prognostic/diagnostic tools.

Conclusion: The outlook is bright for metabolomic technology to address clinical diagnostic needs for prostate cancer patient management. Early validation of specific clinical tests provides a preview of further successes in this area. Metabolomics has shown its utility to complement and augment traditional clinical approaches as well as emerging genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic methodologies, and is expected to play a key role in the precision medicine-based management of the prostate cancer patient.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4975355PMC

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