Evaluation of antioxidant and stabilizing lipid peroxidation nature of Solanum xanthocarpum leaves in experimentally diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & Wendl, is a traditional edible leaves as a form of decoction, extracts used as a herbal medicine, and consumed for health promoting profiles. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation level of anticancer activity of Solanum xanthocarpum (SXC) on Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepato carcinogenesis in male Wistar albino rats. Hepatic cancer was developed on the liver of Wistar rats treated by DEN or vehicle three times a week for 16 weeks. Tumour incidence, tumour volume, tumour burden, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant, liver marker enzymes and histopathological changes were assessed in DEN alone and in DEN+SXC leaves extract treated rats. Hundred percent tumour incidences with an imbalance in carcinogen metabolizing enzymes and cellular redox status were observed in rats treated with DEN alone. Oral administration of SXC aqueous leaves extract treatment at a dose of 150mg/kg b.w. to DEN treated rats were prevented tumour incidence and restored the elevated activities of liver marker enzymes and antioxidant status to near normal with decreased lipid peroxide levels. The biochemical consistent with histopathological observations suggesting marked hepatoprotective effect of the leaves extract in a dose dependent manner. These results clearly suggest that SXC aqueous leaves extract treatment prevents liver damage, lipid peroxidation, protects the antioxidant defense system and anti-carcinogenic potential in DEN induced hepatic carcinogenesis.