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Low-Cost Lower Extremity Screening to Predict Shoulder Distraction Force in College Softball Pitchers.
Am J Sports Med
March 2025
Sports Medicine and Movement Lab, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Background: During a windmill softball pitch, the throwing shoulder experiences forces greater than the pitcher's body weight. Various kinematic, kinetic, and performance factors have been related to shoulder forces and torques in softball pitchers, and softball research has examined clinical screening measures such as range of motion, muscular strength, and/or neuromuscular control. However, no studies have explicitly identified low-cost, clinic-friendly screening measures predictive of shoulder distraction forces in softball pitchers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Diagnosis of Scapular Dyskinesis in a Youth Softball Pitcher: A Case Report.
Int J Sports Phys Ther
February 2024
Introduction: Effective rehabilitation strategies for upper extremity injuries in softball pitchers are scarce in current literature, especially among youth athletes. Additionally, there continues to be ambiguity regarding the interpretation and clinical practicality when treating an overhead athlete with scapular dyskinesis. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the examination and treatment of a youth softball pitcher referred to physical therapy with the diagnosis of scapular dyskinesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in the Windmill Softball Pitcher.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg
January 2024
From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush University, Chicago, IL (Boden), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA (Amer), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA (Bradley).
Although pitching-related injuries in the overhead athlete have been studied extensively, injuries associated with windmill pitching are not as clearly elucidated. Windmill pitching produces high forces and torques in the upper extremity, and studies have shown it creates similar shoulder and elbow joint loads to those reported in baseball pitchers. Studies have shown that the windmill pitching motion generates high levels of biceps activation with an eccentric load, placing the biceps at increased risk for overuse injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferences in the Medical Advisability of Online Pitching Recommendations for Youth Softball Players Based on Website Source.
Orthop J Sports Med
July 2023
Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Background: Guidelines regarding injury prevention in fast-pitch softball pitchers have yet to be widely adopted, risking the online dissemination of misleading advice.
Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the source and medical advisability of online pitching recommendations for youth softball players and highlight the risk of misinformation. It was hypothesized that many popular websites would contain content discordant with current medical guidelines regarding windmill softball pitching recommendations.
Evaluating Risk Factors for Biceps Tendon Injuries in Softball Players: A Systematic Review.
Clin J Sport Med
November 2023
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; and.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on how overuse injuries, particularly to the biceps tendon, affect softball players during repetitive throwing motions like the windmill pitch, highlighting the tendon’s role in shoulder stabilization.
- - A systematic review included 18 articles from multiple databases, analyzing metrics like range of motion, strength, and pain levels in softball players aged 14-25, with 76% of participants being softball athletes.
- - The findings reveal that current research primarily assesses the rotator cuff instead of isolating issues related to the biceps tendon, suggesting a need for future studies to develop more specific tests to better understand biceps tendon injuries in different types of softball players.
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