This paper analyzes the increase in professionals in Brazil's Northeastern Region resulting from the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program. The scale of the increase was analyzed through the indicator Hospitalizations for Primary-Care Sensitive Conditions (HPSCs). The method used was a quantitative approach, based on data on distribution of doctors and service they provided in these states, and on hospitalizations for diarrhea and gastroenteritis in the period September 2012 to August 2015. The choice of this condition took into account the aspects of: its high frequency in the period; the simplicity of intervention; and its historic occurrence in the Northeast. The results show that the Mais Médicos Program had an influence on the reduction of hospitalizations for this type of condition - they fell by 35% in the period investigated, with important differences between the states. In spite of the significant scale of the entry of medical professionals into the health system, it is known that in isolation simply increasing the number of professionals of a particular type has a limited effect in improving primary healthcare.
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