Co-pyrolysis characteristics of petrochemical wastewater sludge and Huolinhe lignite were investigated using thermogravimetric analyzer and packed-bed reactor coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and gas chromatography. The pyrolysis characteristics of the blends at various sludge blending ratios were compared with those of the individual materials. Thermogravimetric experiments showed that the interactions between the blends were beneficial to generate more residues. In packed-bed reactor, synergetic effects promoted the release of gas products and left less liquid and solid products than those calculated by additive manner. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis showed that main functional groups in chars gradually disappeared with pyrolysis temperatures increasing, and HO, CH, CO, and CO appeared in volatiles during pyrolysis. Gas compositions analysis indicated that, the yields of H and CO clearly increased as the pyrolysis temperature and sludge blending ratio increasing, while the changes of CH and CO yields were relatively complex.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.011 | DOI Listing |
Gut Microbes
December 2025
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Diet is one of the main factors shaping the human microbiome, yet our understanding of how specific dietary components influence microbial consortia assembly and subsequent stability in response to press disturbances - such as increasing resource availability (feeding rate) - is still incomplete. This study explores the reproducible re-assembly, metabolic interplay, and compositional stability within microbial consortia derived from pooled stool samples of three healthy infants. Using a single-step packed-bed reactor (PBR) system, we assessed the reassembly and metabolic output of consortia exposed to lactose, glucose, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), and humanized GOS (hGOS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address:
Autotrophic denitrification in sulfur packed-bed reactors (SPBR) has been widely employed for treating municipal secondary effluent. However, the fixed volume of packed sulfur in SPBR restricts the ability to adjust denitrification efficiency in response to fluctuating influent nitrate levels, leading to either effluent standard exceedances or unnecessary sulfur consumption. Here, we proposed a novel method for directionally regulating nitrate removal efficiency (NRE) in SPBR by adjusting the bed-immersion-ratio (BIR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemphyschem
November 2024
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany.
Silica materials, natural and synthetic variants, represent a promising material for the application in heterogeneous organocatalysis due to their readily modifiable surface and chemical inertness. To achieve high catalyst loadings, usually, porous carriers with high surface areas are used, such as silica monoliths or spherical particles for packed bed reactors. While these commercial materials were shown to be efficient supports, their synthesis is elaborate, and thus less complex and cheaper alternatives are of interest, especially considering scaling up for potential applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
November 2024
Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok 10800 Thailand
A flower-like CeO catalyst was successfully synthesized using an acrylamide graft copolymerized on glucose under hydrothermal conditions and used for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO and CHOH in a packed-bed reactor with 2-cyanopyridine as a dehydrating agent. The synthesized flower-like CeO exhibited both basicity and acidity properties with values of 300 μmol g and 80 μmol g, respectively, according to CO-TPD and NH-TPD results. The effect of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, feed ratio, catalyst quantity, and operating pressure on the DMC production over the flower-like CeO catalyst was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
January 2025
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7901, USA. Electronic address:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread contaminants with adverse environmental and public health effects. Anion exchange (IX) processes can effectively remove many PFAS from water. Objectives of this research were to (1) quantify the effects of PFAS structure and background water matrix constituents [dissolved organic matter (DOM) and major inorganic anions (bicarbonate, chloride, sulfate, and nitrate)] on PFAS uptake capacity of IX resins (K), and (2) develop models that predict PFAS breakthrough in packed bed IX columns from PFAS structure and background water matrix characteristics.
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