A single subject, a proficient lucid dreamer experienced with signaling the onset of lucidity (reflective consciousness of dreaming) by means of voluntary eye movements, spent 4 nonconsecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. The subject reported becoming lucid and signaling in 8 of the 18 rapid-eye movement (REM) periods recorded. Ten lucid dream reports were verified by polygraphic examination of signals, providing a total of 12.5 min of signal-verified lucid REM. H-Reflex amplitude was recorded every 5 s, along with continuous recording of electroencephalogram, electrooculogram, electromyogram, electrocardiogram, finger pulse, and respiration. Significant findings included greater mean H-reflex suppression during lucid REM sleep than during nonlucid REM and correlations of H-reflex suppression with increased eye movement density, heart rate, and respiration rate. These results support previous studies reporting that lucid REM is not, as might be supposed, a state closer to awakening than ordinary, or nonlucid, REM; rather, lucid dreaming occurs during unequivocal REM sleep and is characteristically associated with phasic REM activation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.4.374 | DOI Listing |
Conscious Cogn
October 2024
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Brain Sci
June 2024
Family Medicine Department, University of Colorado Medical School System, P.O. Box 6, Arroyo Seco, NM 87514, USA.
The original conceptualization of REM sleep as paradoxical sleep was based on its EEG resembling wakefulness and its association with dreaming. Over time, the concept of paradox was expanded to include various associations with REM sleep, such as dream exclusivity, high recall, and pathophysiology. However, none of these associations are unique to REM sleep; they can also occur in other sleep states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Biobehav Rev
August 2024
Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuro-X Institute & Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Conscious Cogn
July 2024
Department of Psychology, National University, 9388 Lightwave Ave., San Diego, CA 92123, United States; Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Brain Sci
April 2024
Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil.
Lucid dreaming (LD) is a physiological state of consciousness that occurs when dreamers become aware that they are dreaming, and may also control the oneiric content. In the general population, LD is spontaneously rare; thus, there is great interest in its induction. Here, we aim to review the literature on neuropsychopharmacological induction of LD.
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