Obesity, a global epidemic of the modern era, is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes. The pervasiveness of obesity and overweight in both developed as well as developing populations is on the rise and placing a huge burden on health and economic resources. Consequently, research to control this emerging epidemic is of utmost importance. Recently, host interactions with their resident gut microbiota (GM) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and CVD. Around 10(14) microorganisms reside within the lower human intestine and many of these 10(14) microorganisms have developed mutualistic or commensal associations with the host and actively involved in many physiological processes of the host. However, dysbiosis (altered gut microbial composition) with other predisposing genetic and environmental factors, may contribute to host metabolic disorders resulting in many ailments. Therefore, delineating the role of GM as a contributing factor to obesity is the main objective of this review. Obesity research, as a field is expanding rapidly due to major advances in nutrigenomics, metabolomics, RNA silencing, epigenetics, and other disciplines that may result in the emergence of new technologies and methods to better interpret causal relationships between microbiota and obesity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5003832 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00095 | DOI Listing |
J Med Food
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Disturbances of the intestinal barrier enabling bacterial translocation exacerbate alcoholic liver disease (ALD). GG (LGG) has been shown to exert beneficial effects in gut dysbiosis and chronic liver disease. The current study assessed the combined effects of LGG and metformin, which play roles in anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes, in alcohol-induced liver disease mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting the intestines, encompassing both ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease (CD). As one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, CD's pathogenesis is closely linked with the intestinal microbiota. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has gained attention as a potential treatment for CD, with the effective reestablishment of intestinal microecology considered a crucial mechanism of FMT therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Introduction: Intestinal constipation is a substantive global health concern, significantly impairing patient quality of life. An emerging view is that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in intestinal function, and probiotics could offer therapeutic benefits. This study aims to consolidate evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assess the effectiveness of probiotics in modulating microbiota and ameliorating symptoms of constipation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium.
Insect diversity is closely linked to the evolution of phytophagy, with most phytophagous insects showing a strong degree of specialisation for specific host plants. Recent studies suggest that the insect gut microbiome might be crucial in facilitating the dietary (host plant) range. This requires the formation of stable insect-microbiome associations, but it remains largely unclear which processes govern the assembly of insect microbiomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSTAR Protoc
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Grandulate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is clinically applied, while oral FMT (oral fecal gavage [OFG]) is preferred for experimental mice. Here, we present a protocol for OFG in antibiotic-pretreated mice, demonstrating the progressive, time-dependent evolution of the gut microbiota in the recipients. We describe steps for fecal sample collection and preparation procedures, oral gavage, and monitoring gut microbiota changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!