The effects of differential reinforcement of other behaviour (DRO) were investigated for the treatment of severe self-injurious nail biting in an individual diagnosed with autism. A functional behaviour assessment (FBA) identified that the behaviour was maintained by automatic reinforcement. Following the implementation of the DRO procedure and access to reinforcing stimuli that were believed to provide similar sensory feedback to that of the self-injurious nail biting, the results indicate that the nail biting was successfully reduced and maintained at near zero levels.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40617-016-0106-3 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, IND.
Background Oral habits are most initiated at the primary school age. Primary school children are seen to have been performing these habits during their active school hours. The peak days they are in school are the most active hours during which the tendency to perform this habit occurs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Biochem Behav
February 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms which is treated with antipsychotics. However, these drugs present several side effects and, some schizophrenia symptoms, like cognitive, are difficult to treat. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma (PPAR-γ) are expressed in dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain participating in the modulation of dopamine-mediated behavior .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Soc Prev Community Dent
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between malocclusion and deleterious oral habits in the Vietnamese children aged 8-12 years.
Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analysis was undertaken on a total of 434 children (8-12 years old, 208 males and 226 females), separated into five age groups: 8 years old (16.8%), 9 years old (18.
Discov Ment Health
December 2024
Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Background: Nail biting is categorized as a habitual behavior, commonly observed in children and occasionally in adults. This disorder occurs unconsciously, with individuals often unaware of their behavior. Since there are physical and psychological complications and quality of life problems in nail -biting, addressing this problem is very important and there are many theories in support of art therapy including: psychodynamic; humanistic (phenomenological, gestalt, person centered); psycho-educational (behavioral, cognitive behavioral, developmental); systemic (family and group therapy); as well as integrative and eclectic approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
November 2024
Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, Periodontology Division, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
The family of individuals living with Down Syndrome (DS) often demonstrate high levels of stress associated with the demand for care and difficulties experienced in everyday life. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess perceived stress by parents/caregivers of individuals with DS and its association with general perceived self-efficacy and dental outcomes, considering the COVID-19 pandemic's impacts on family's daily activities and finances. A sample of 257 parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire with socioeconomic, dental, and behavioral variables and the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!